Engineering and Technology Journal

One of the major weakness of Wireless Sensor Networks is the energy consumption because of limited battery resource and battery replacement or recharging difficulty. The research presented in this paper aims to reduce the energy consumption in the physical layer because most the energy consumption occurred in this layer. This reduction will be achieved via the use of ZigBee transceiver standard at the physical layer under 2.4GHz frequency band with the reduced complexity and lower power consumption than other techniques used in Wireless Sensor Network. Furthermore, such use will also enhance energy efficiency, bit error rate, and throughput of the wireless sensor network. In this paper, three different systems have been proposed according to the type of transceiver technique used in wireless sensor network. System1 uses ZigBee transceiver standard over the wireless sensor network without any additional technique whereas system2 uses ZigBee transceiver with Convolutional Coding over the WSNs model. On the other hand, system3 uses the ZigBee transceiver with both diversity techniquesVirtual Multi-Input Multi-Output and with Convolutional Coding over the wireless sensor network model. The simulation of matlab results show that system3 achieves the best energy efficiency performance compared with the other two systems at lower quality of channel. System2 achieves the best energy efficiency performance at medium quality of channel, and system1 achieves better energy efficiency at high quality of channel.

This paper presents a designed and implemented Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on Arduino and IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee standards. This network consists offour end nodes; each one is connected to an individual type of sensors (lighting, temperature, motion, and distance) to form a safety network for building offices, factories, homes…etc. Also there is a fifth node in this network to collect the information from each node and send it to the base station which is a computer to be process the data and take the appropriate decision according to the program established by the user. Results confirmed that the network performs its functions with high efficiency and gave accurate readings of the surrounding circumstances. Stable reading of temperature and lighting had been achieved in the implemented network. Also, the motion and distance sensors gave good results depending onthe presence ofobjectsclose tothemore peoplemovingnear. In addition, the network is characterized by high flexibility and ease of programing that can be used to give various applications such aswarning of fire by setting a threshold level of temperature to enable an alarm when exceeding such level. It can also be used to preventtheftsbydetectingmovements ofthe humanbody with distance sensor. Inaddition, other uses can be implemented such as controlling heating and lightingdevicesin homes andotherbuildings.

As computer networking has expanded and matured, there has been a growing requirement to collect traffic statistics for understanding the current load and planning future connectivity. This requirement leads to consider the general problem of a software packet monitor for analyzing traffic patterns and gathering statistics. This Paper presents a software monitoring system named "Effective Wireless Monitoring Tool" (EWMT) which has been built to help the network administrator to discover network problems as soon as possible.
The proposed system achieves its goal by sniffing, capturing, and
analyzing the network traffic data packets using a passive monitoring
scheme without affecting or interfering with the network information flow. This is achieved by configuring the Network Interface Card (NIC) in promiscuous mode. The EWMT extracts and views different valuable
detailed information concerning the network in human- readable format. It taps network protocols that run at the IP level, TCP level and other
protocols at the application level as DNS, HTTP, and FTP. EWMT system is constructed using Microsoft Visual C++ V8.0 development environment along with 3.5.NET framework

A simulation study of an IEEE 802.11b which is the most important standard for
wireless local area networks was presented in this paper. The simulation is conducted using
OPNET IT Guru Academic Edition 9.1. Wireless network performance depends mainly on
the end to end throughput and average delay. Different applications place different
requirements on the network. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate and analysis the performance
of IEEE 802.11b WLAN system under the fundamental access mechanism for medium
access control (MAC) called distributed coordination function (DCF).This can achieve by
studying the impact of parameters such as Request to Send/ Clear to Send (RTS/CTS),
Fragmentation Threshold (FTS) and discuss the best configurations and parameters value in
correspondence to network load and topology to get best performance which is the main
objective of this paper.