Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper a lower ratio of two powders; nano and micro titanium dioxide (TiO2) powder were used as additive in fabrication of mortar. Particle size of TiO2 powder were (80nm,1.6µm). These powders were used as additive to the mortar material (0.05, 0.1, 0.15 %) by cement weight in order to be used in construction application include layering building, and studies its effect on the mortar.
Inspections of the mortar specimens including optical microscope, surface roughness, micro hardness as well as x-ray diffraction (XRD).
Results demonstrate that surface roughness was diminished with augmentation of Nano TiO2powder added more than micro TiO2powder substances, while micro hardness was increased by raising the option of Nano TiO2powder to the mortar more than micro TiO2powder. Also, the mortar microstructure with the Nano TiO2 powder has been enhanced more than micro TiO2powder, with increment in CSH phase, which make the development of mortar with TiO2 Nano material useful and have a promising future in cutting edge development application.

Deposition of the Titanium oxide (TiO2) particles on glass and the Si substrates was materialized for a wide range of temperatures (100-400)°C; using PLD technique at constant laser energy 800 mJ of frequency doubled Nd: YAG laser wavelength of 532nm running at 10 Hz rate and 10ns duration pulses. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscope(AFM), electrical conductivity (σdc), Hall coefficient (RH) and (I-V) and (C-V) measurements were employed to examine optical, morphological and electrical properties of the deposited films. 85% film transparency was accomplished with optical band gap of (3.25 – 3.64) eV.(I-V) characteristics showedan enhanced TiO2 p-n junction thin film solar cell efficiency by 1.6% at 400°C.

The laser ablation techniques was employed to prepare TiO2 nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation of titanium target immersed in the double distilled deionized water using wavelength of 532nm and 1064nm of Nd:YAG laser with energy 500mJ. The as prepared products werecharacterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) andUV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results indicate that the Tio2 nanoparticles are synthesized at room temperature and the average diameter is about (84.78, 95.96) nm to the wavelength (1064nm, 532nm) respectively. The optical study shows the nanoparticles possesses direct optical transition with band gab (3.82,3.65)to the wavelength(1064nm,532nm) respectively.Aheterojunctionphotodetectorfabricatedby drop cast film of colloidal TiO2NPs(nanoparticles) onto p-type single crystalsilicon wafer.I-V characteristics of Tio2NPs/Si heterojunction under darkand illumination conditions have been studied.

Colloidal solutions of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized by laser ablation of Titanium plate in deionized water. Studies of synthesized nanoparticles suspensions were characterized by UV-VIS absorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). FTIR characterization confirms the formation of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles. TEM shows that the nanoparticles with sizes from (3 - 30) nm. The antimicrobial activity was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The Titanium dioxide nanoparticles showed inhibitory activity in bacteria.

In this work, mixed oxide (TiO2-SnO2) thin films were grown on Si (111) and glass substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method. The influences of increasing amounts of SnO2 were investigated. The X-ray diffraction results show the peaks position of the plane was shifted towards higher angle values with increasing amounts of SnO2. The surface morphology of the deposits materials was also studied by using a scanning electron microscope(SEM) The results show that, the grain sizes decreases with increasing SnO2 content from the largest value (53.6)nm to smallest value (25.5) nm. From UV-visible spectroscopy, the distinct variations in the transmission spectra, and optical energy gap, of the thin films were also observed.

TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared from TiCl4 as a precursor with ethanol solution with 1:10 ratio in ambient atmosphere, without additive. Sol-gel synthesized has been dried and calcined at (550-600)C. The structure, morphology and the particle size of the nanoparticles were investigated by X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The optical properties were studied by UV-Visible Spectrophotometer. Results showed that the anatase phase was only in titanium dioxide powder up to 500. The average grain size of TiO2 nanoparticles was obtained in the range of (3- 30) nm. The synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles in 10-5 and 10-3 concentrations exhibited superior antibacterial activity with two types of bacteria, Escherichia coli (E-coli) and Staphylococcus aurous respectively. TiO2 nanoparticles are more efficient as antibacterial agents with Staphylococcus aurous as compared with E-coli.

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and vanadium oxide (V2O5) in different mixing percentage
(100, 50, 0)% from them powders as thin film on substrate of glass .the coating
thickness was ( 0.37 ±0.03 μm ).
Thin films were inspection by microphotographs with scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD).
The results showed that thin films was prepared crystalline and also the compound
(tio2, v2o5), and the structure was regular and smooth.

In this research two groups of polymer blends have been prepared First group included (High density polyethylene (HDPE): Polypropylene (PP))While the Second group(included Low density polyethylene (LDPE): Polypropylene (PP)) both groups prepared withpolypropylene of (20% and 80%). From the results of tensile test for the prepared blends it has been showed that the optimum blending ratio was (20%LDPE:80%PP and 20%HDPE:80%PP) which thenreinforced with (2, 5 and 8wt%) oftitanium dioxide (TiO2), particle size (0.421μm). Titaniaparticles were
mechanically mixed with the polymers prior tomelt mixing for better dispersion.
Polymerblend composites were obtained by using single screw extruder. Results showed that mechanical properties increased as titania content increased except elongation.Furthermore the result recorded highest values ofimpact strength and fracture toughness at2%wt TiO2which is 312 Mpa and 572.8Mparespectively,for the polymer blend (20%HDPE: 80%PP) composite and for the polymer blend (20%LDPE: 80%PP) composites the impact strength and fracture toughness are 262.5Mpa and 468 Mpa respectively.The mechanical properties values of 20%HDPE: 80%PP is higher than 20%LDPE: 80%PP polymer blendcomposites. Scanning
electron microscopy (SEM) imagesshowed that there isbonding developed between TiO2 and polymer blends in some regions.

In this work, Nanostructured TiO2 thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on glass substrates at 300 °C. TiO2 thin films were then annealed at 400-600 °C in air for a period of 2 hours. Effect of annealing on the structure, morphology and optical properties were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) measurements confirmed that the films grown by this technique have good crystalline tetragonal mixed anatase and rutile phase structure and homogeneous surface. The study also reveals that the RMS value of thin films roughness increased with increasing annealing temperature .The optical properties of the films were studied by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The optical transmission results shows that the transmission over than ~65% which decrease with the increasing of annealing temperatures. The allowed indirect optical band gap of the films was estimated to be in the range from 3.49 to 3.1 eV. The allowed direct band gap was found to decrease from 3.74 to 3.55 eV with the increase of annealing temperature. The refractive index of the films was found from 2.27 -2.98 at 550nm. The extinction coefficient increase with annealing temperature.

In the present work, a polymer composite was fabricated by mixing LDPE
with different wt% of pigment (Fe2O3 and TiO2) to obtain desirable properties in
fabrication single screw-extruder was utilized , this mixing machine operated at a
temperature between (150-170)Co.some of mechanical properties, such as tensile,
impact, hardness and bending test were determined at different weight fraction of
composite materials. It was found that the addition of pigment (TiO2 and Fe2O3) to the
LDPE leads to increase the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, tensile strength at
break, shore hardness on other hand it decreases the % elongation at break, and for the
impact strength.