Engineering and Technology Journal

The dynamic analysis of Three-Link planar robot arm and control system with (PID) are presented and investigated. The dynamic analysis is very important in the design and control of the robot. The difference between the actual dynamic analysis and ideal dynamic analysis is the presence of friction in the robot joints. In this work, the frictional effect in the joints of three-link planar robot is inserting in the dynamic equations and that makes the dynamic analysis is more reality and difficult. The mathematical model that represent the friction consist of two types of friction (Coulomb and viscous friction). A Lagrange method is used and applied to evaluate the generalized forces in the two cases (without and with the effect of friction). Control system with (PID) controller is presented with Simulink block set to evaluate and show the dynamic response of each link in two cases (without and with friction). MATLAB software is used for programing and simulation the equations. In addition, with that, error signals are presented and analyzed for each link. It is concluded from the results that the values of generalized forces in case of presence of friction are more about (12%) than the values of the forces in case of without friction and the behaviors of the dynamic response is linear in case of without friction while the behavior become (non-linear) by inserting the frictional effect in the robot joints. The results indicate that the effect of friction is very important and must be not neglected.

This research is interested to investigate the optimum design procedure for a finger driving mechanism to have a proper configuration of the finger for its utilization in hand prosthesis. To get this goal, a Genetic Algorithm (G.A) was used. Three criteria were selected to find the optimal solution. The most important of them was the percentage of the grasping stability. This criterion was evaluated as must type by using Kepner-tregos method. When the optimal solution was found, this one was modified to facilitate the fabrication of a prototype. The modifications consist of mostly rounding the parameters and uniforming the rollers dimensions. Those changes did not affect too much the forces characteristics. The prosthetic hand prototype was built of hard ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) plastic using rapid prototyping. Testing results indicate that the proposed Genetic Algorithm gives reasonable -quality results in short computation time.

This paper presents analysis and operation of linear induction motor (LIM) using finite element method (FEM). The solution of magnetic field problem is performed for both two and three dimensional approaches. Magnetic vector potential, flux density, field intensity, induced rotor current, and propulsion force are computed for LIM model studied. The effect of velocity is taken into consideration. The primary winding self and mutual inductances are computed for three dimensional analysis.

Gas-Liquid-Solid system as slurry in a reactor have a wide range of applications in industry, a slurry reactor is a vessel containing the catalyst suspended in a liquid phase. In this study, we develop a CFD model to predict the gas holdup at different gas superficial velocities.
The experiments were done in a gas-liquid-solid slurry bubble column to find the gas holdup (eG). The experimental data showed a good agreement with CFD results. An empirical correlation has been developed to predict the gas holdup for three-phase slurry with a correlation co-efficient of 0.994; this correlation shows that the gas holdup predicted was in good agreement with experimental values.

In the last decade bioalcohol has become more and more important as an alternative
energy source and chemical feed stock. Bioethanol production has been proposed as a
gasoline enhancer to reduce greenhouse gases, gasoline imports, and to boost the economy.
Circulating fluidized beds (CFB) have been used in a variety of industrial processes due to
their distinct advantages of uniform temperature distribution, high gas-to- particle mass and
heat transfer rates and flexible operation.
The present study deals with the experimental analysis of the circulating fluidized bed
reactor, which is applied to the fermentation of glucose to ethanol. The study takes into
consideration the presence of three different phases; yeast (solid) which is continuously
fluidized by the liquid stream (glucose solution), and the gas bubbles which greatly enhance
mixing and the wake phase which follows tracks of the gas bubbles. The reactor
performance is analyzed as a function of major operating conditions, the yeast mass in the
reactor (30-150gm/l), the concentration of glucose in feed (10-150gm/l), reaction
temperature (15,25,30,36,37, and 40ºC) , and velocities of gas and liquid feeds (0.01-0.1m/s).
The results indicate that high glucose conversions can be obtained at high gas velocities, low
liquid velocities, high yeast concentration, and an optimum operating temperature of 36oC.