Engineering and Technology Journal

The Effect of Calcium Carbonate-Nanoparticle on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polymers Utilizing Different Types of Mixing and Surface Pre-Treatment: A Review Paper

Nashwan Q. Mahmood; Mohammed Hikmat

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1497-1515

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142219.1523

Abstract

The effect of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO3) on the mechanical and thermal properties of various polymers was investigated in this review. The results were compared to scholarly ... Read More ...

Effect of ECAP Routes on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of AA6061-T4 Recycled Chips

Rawa H. Mohammed; Ayad F. Shahab

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1516-1527

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142412.1530

Abstract

Aluminum alloy finds strong suitability in automotive, sporting, goods aerospace, and weight reduction industries. Its blend of lightweight attributes and robust strength make it well-suited ... Read More ...

Improvement of Performance Evaluation Using Hybrid Composite Electrode (Cu/Cr/WC/Ag) in Electric Discharge Machining

Ahmed B. Abdulwahhab; Abbas F. Ibrahim

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1528-1538

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142962.1550

Abstract

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is a non-traditional technique widely used in various industries to remove material using electrical discharges. Finding a suitable electrode material ... Read More ...

Mechanical Strength Optimization for the Polylactic Acid Printed Parts in Material Extrusion Process Using Artificial Neural Network

Mustafa M. Abdulrazaq; Mohanned M. H. AL-Khafaji; Abdulkader Kadauw

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1539-1551

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143270.1573

Abstract

Material Extrusion technology is one of the most widely used Additive Manufacturing processes due to its simplicity in use, affordable parts fabricating costs, product durability, and ... Read More ...

Comparison between the Effect of Adding MSGNP and B4C-WC Nanoparticles on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization of Al-7075 Composites Produced by Stir Casting

Haneen Lateef; Saad M. Ali

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1552-1566

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142697.1544

Abstract

Metal Matrix Composite (MCC) reveals considerably better properties, such as low density, high tensile strength, hardness, and good resistance to wear compared with every alloy or other ... Read More ... Metal Matrix Composite (MCC) reveals considerably better properties, such as low density, high tensile strength, hardness, and good resistance to wear compared with every alloy or other metal. The current study concentrated upon the assessment of the properties of aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) synthesis with the Al-7075 as a matrix and the MSGNPs that sieved to (35 nm) at different weight fractions percentages as reinforcements using stir-casting method and compared with Al7075/B4C-WC nanocomposites. These experiments aim to select the appropriate type and percentage of reinforcement particles for producing Al-7075 composites with the best mechanical properties. The mechanical properties, as well as the metallurgical features for analyzing the microstructure and the distribution of (MSGNP, SiC-WC) into the composite alloy specimens, have been studied utilizing the mechanical tests and the Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) SEM pictures. By reviewing the mechanical test results, they manifested that the value of the composite's ultimate strength was enhanced with the additive concentration of nanoglass. The maximum tensile strength was obtained for the sample comprising 4% MSGNP—the composite with 6 wt.% B4C and WC have the highest hardness value, which means the increase of the added composite material beyond 10% will decrease the hardness. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination results illustrate the various phases of the two-theta value-generated diffraction patterns for the Al-7075/MSGNP and Al-7075/B4C-WC workpieces materials. These examinations show that the matrix of Al and the clear glass are the two major composite constituents and contain B4C, WC, and aluminum matrix, which are consistent with what was shown by the optical microstructure of the composite. The Al-7075 microstructure analysis also demonstrated a virtuous metallic bonding between the particles of Al and the uniformly dispersed and transparent glass particles at the optimal addition of 8wt%. Such enhancement was ascribed to the reinforcement's sufficiency and the uniform dispersion of MSGNP. Therefore, the addition of 8 wt.% was chosen in the present work.

Using Taguchi Design to Compare the Corrosion Behavior of Commercial Pure Ti Alloys Coated by Dip and Electrophoretic Deposition with YSZ

Marwan B. Hussein; Ali M. Mustafa; Makarim H. Abdulkareem

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1578-1593

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143016.1557

Abstract

This study makes experimental evaluations of the corrosion and tip tests of CP-Ti joint (commercial pure Ti) implant alloys coated with YSZ nanoceramic. A Taguchi design of experiments ... Read More ...

Integrating Grey Relation Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks for Optimal Machining of Tungsten Carbide Composite Using Hybrid Electrochemical Discharge

Vian N. Najm; Tahseen F. Abbas; Shukry H. Aghdeab

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1594-1610

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143347.1581

Abstract

Hybrid Electrochemical Discharge Machining (ECDM) streamlines the manufacturing process for challenging materials. Tungsten carbide (WC) is widely recognized as a formidable material ... Read More ...

Analyzing the Impact of FDM Parameters on Compression Strength and Dimensional Accuracy in 3D printed PLA Parts

Hind H. Abdulridha; Tahseen F. Abbas

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1611-1626

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143615.1599

Abstract

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing (AM) technique frequently used to create prototypes and parts with intricate geometrical designs. It is gaining popularity ... Read More ...

Investigation of the Effect of SPIF Parameters on the Thickness of Al 2024 Alloy

Halah Ali Habeeb; Muhsin J. Jweeg; Ali Abbar Khleif

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1627-1637

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143718.1604

Abstract

Sheet metal forming is one of the most commonly used manufacturing processes because millions of different parts are formed daily. In the single-point incremental forming process (SPIF), ... Read More ...

Investigation of the Level of Adoption of the Lean Philosophy in Small and Medium Enterprises Using integrated Fuzzy Assessment Model Based on Fuzzy DEMATEL / Fuzzy TOPSIS

Zainab Al-Baldawi; AllaEldin H. Kassam; Sawsan Sabeeh A. Al-Zubaidi

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1638-1652

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143396.1583

Abstract

Lean Production is a continuous improvement philosophy derived from the Toyota Production System (TPS) aimed at improving the operational efficiency and performance of companies. Although ... Read More ...

Investigating the Impact of Process Parameters on Thinning and Formability in Aluminum Alloy AA 1050 Incremental Sheet Metal Forming

Safaa K. Ghazi; Aqeel S. Bedana; Maher Y. Salloom

Volume 41, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Page 1653-1659

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143119.1561

Abstract

ISMF is a potential manufacturing technology that uses progressive deformation to create complicated shapes. ISMF produces sheet metal consecutively using targeted tool movement. This ... Read More ...

Effect of Bridge Piers Locations and Flow Intensity on Morphological Change in a 180-Degree River Bend

Abdurazaq k. Abdulwahd; Jaafar S. Maatooq

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1241-1251

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.140134.1455

Abstract

Bridges when it crossing rivers often required multiple piers for support. One of has a limited investigation is the impact of piers on scouring and morphological aspects when a bridge ... Read More ...

Cold-Bonded Lightweight Synthetic Aggregate Involving High Reactive Attapulgite at Different Curing Conditions

Mohammed L. Abbas; Waleed A. Abbas

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1252-1265

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.139775.1442

Abstract

This study aimed to develop an eco-friendly, lightweight, and synthetic aggregate (SLA) based on clay suitable for use in structural lightweight concrete. The researchers utilized the ... Read More ...

Uncracked Palm Kernel Shell Effect on Compressive Strength of Concrete

Chidiebere S. Ezenkwa; Thaddeus I. Elogu

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1266-1273

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.140014.1460

Abstract

In recent times, the production of concrete has become a significant concern due to the rapid population growth and the depletion of raw materials. In this research, we investigated ... Read More ...

Elzaki Transform Method for Natural Frequency Analysis of Euler-Bernoulli Beams

Charles C. Ike; Tarig M. Elzaki

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1274-1285

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.140211.1456

Abstract

Free vibration analysis of thin beams under dynamic excitation is important in design to prevent resonance failures that occur when the excitation frequency coincides with the natural ... Read More ...

Free Vibration of Thin Beams on Winkler Foundations Using Generalized Integral Transform Method

Charles C. Ike

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1286-1297

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.140343.1462

Abstract

The determination of free vibration frequencies of thin beams on Winkler foundations is important in their design to avoid resonant failures when the excitation frequency equals the ... Read More ...

Enhancing Pullout Load Performance of Under-Reamed Piles in Homogeneous Layered Clay: A Numerical Comparative Study

Anji A. Al-Bayati; Mohammed A. AL-Neami; Falah H. Rahil

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1298-1308

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.140795.1474

Abstract

A 3D numerical model generated using PLAXIS-3D software was used in the present research to predict the behavior of under-reamed piles under pullout loading conditions with presumed ... Read More ...

Studying Characteristics and Strength of the Unsaturated Gypseous Soil with Various Saturation Degrees

Ahmed S. Abood; Mohammed Y. Fattah; Aqeel S. Al-Adili

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1309-1324

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.140119.1453

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to determine the appropriateness of unsaturated gypseous soil as a subgrade layer for carrying foundations. A comprehensive laboratory testing program ... Read More ... The main objective of this study is to determine the appropriateness of unsaturated gypseous soil as a subgrade layer for carrying foundations. A comprehensive laboratory testing program was implemented to investigate the geotechnical characteristics and behavior of unsaturated gypseous soil. Tests that are physical included specific gravity, classification tests, relative density, Proctor compactions, single and double oedometer collapse potential, and static triaxial compression (CU-test). Chemical testing, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electronic Dissipation x-ray Scanning (EDS) analyses were also carried out. The tests were performed for samples prepared at 70% relative density of the natural gypseous soil. Tests are performed on the natural, unsaturated at degrees of saturation (30%, 60%, and 80%) and fully saturated gypseous soil to investigate the gypseous soil behaviors. In both single and double oedometer testing, it was discovered that the degree of specimen collapse is (Moderate) at 70% relative density, with a collapse index value ranging from (4%). The angle of internal friction for both total and effective stresses (f' and f) decreases as the moisture content of the gypseous soil increases at all saturation levels. In contrast, it was found that the strength of soil cohesion for both total and effective stresses (c' and c) increased with increasing gypseous soil moisture up to saturation (60%), which led to a rise in soil shear strength. The reduction value ranged from (38.50° to 7°) in respect of effective stresses and between (34.50° and 7°) with respect to total stresses. Effective stress increase varied from (10.0 – 26.0 kPa), and total stress increase ranged from (12.50 – 28.0 kPa). Then the strength started gradually decreasing at the saturation degrees 80 and 100%, respectively. As a result, the shear strength of the soil decreases with the value of reduction ranging from (20.0 – 11.50 kPa) for effective stresses and (21.50 – 11.50 kPa) for total stresses.

Studying the Possibility of Producing Paving Flags from Geopolymer Concrete Containing Local Wastes

Nazar F. Al- Obeidy; Wasan I. Khalil

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1325-1336

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.141321.1494

Abstract

Geopolymer concrete is an inorganic composite material created by interacting alkaline substances with an aluminosilicate source and aggregate. Precast building units are considered ... Read More ...

Some Properties of Sustainable Concrete with Rubber Waste Aggregate

Rafid F. Motloq; Wasan I. Khalil; Eethar T. Dawood

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1337-1345

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.140271.1458

Abstract

The cumulative quantities of non-biodegradable solid tire waste, which are byproducts of transport vehicles, contribute to environmental pollution.. This study seeks to address this ... Read More ...

A Proposed New Mix Proportioning Method for Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete

Mazin A. Alhifadhi; Tareq S. Al-Attar; Qais A. Hasan

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1346-1354

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.139354.1427

Abstract

Global warming on planet Earth results from the high emission of greenhouse gases, especially CO2. The Portland cement industry releases high amounts of CO2 and is responsible for about ... Read More ...

Stay in Place Formwork, Encased Reinforced Concrete Column: A Review

Zainab H. Abbas; Maan S. Hassan; Iqbal N. Gorgis

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1355-1378

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.139421.1428

Abstract

Formwork systems are required for almost all cast-in-place concrete construction. However, some forms cost too much, often exceeding 30% of the entire cost of the concrete construction. ... Read More ...

Waste Rubber Pre-treatments and Their Effects on Compressive and Flexural Strength of Modified SIFCON

Ali M. Alibraheem; Basil S. Al-Shathr

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1379-1389

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.141759.1511

Abstract

Slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) is a comparatively new and unique steel fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) form. SIFCON possesses many desirable characteristics, including high ... Read More ...

A Static and Dynamic Analysis of A High-Speed Turbo Machine Foundation

Ameer A. Ahmed; Mohammed Y. Fattah; Makki K. Mohsen

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1390-1402

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142820.1547

Abstract

The foundation plays a significant role in safe and efficient turbo machinery operation. Turbomachinery generates harmonic load on the foundation due to its high-speed rotating motion, ... Read More ...

Single Variable Thick Plate Buckling Problems Using Double Finite Sine Transform Method

Charles Chinwuba Ike

Volume 41, Issue 11 , November 2023, , Page 1403-1413

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142504.1537

Abstract

This paper derives buckling solutions for single variable thick plate buckling problems using the double finite sine transform method (DFSTM). The problem governing partial differential ... Read More ...

Main Subjects = Engineering

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