@article { author = {R. Ismail, Azal and A. Hussein, Emad}, title = {Effect of Differential Speed Rolling Temperature into Mechanical Properties of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {1-11}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.1}, abstract = {The received AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets of 2 mm in thickness were subjected to differential speed rolling (DSR) process performed on a mill, of which the rotation speed ratio of the lower roll and upper one is kept at constant 1.15, by using the different upper and lower roller diameters. The influence of the rolled sheet temperature on the microstructure of the specimens was examined by optical microscopy, and elongation-to-failure of tensile test at temperature 623 K and initial strain-rate range between 0.5×10-3 - 1.83×10-3 s-1 was measured. The present process was found to be effective to refine the grain size. Grain refinement became more marked and uniform. The sheet DSRed at 473K exhibited the highest values of 340% and 0.35 for elongation-to-failure and strain rate sensitivity (m) respectively.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112531.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112531_d81614732782af86fcae84135fbaa3f4.pdf} } @article { author = {AL-Kadhim M.Hasan, Abdul and Sattar Jawad, Abdul and Shubber Amran, Murtadha}, title = {The Effect of Products Cooling on the Pollutants Emission from a Continuous Combustion Chamber}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {12-21}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.2}, abstract = {This paper presents the effect of products cooling on the pollutants emission of (carbon monoxide [CO], unburned hydrocarbon [UHC], nitrogen oxide [NOX], and Soot) from a continuous combustion chamber. Products cooling technique was accomplished by installing heat exchanger in the way of the exhaust gases. The water flow rate through heat exchanger was varied from 0 to 30 liters per minute with 10 liters per minute increment. With a droplet size of 80 µm for gas oil fuel and kerosene fuel, and local equivalence ratio was varied from 0.8 to 1.4. When using the products cooling technique it was found that the NOX is inversely proportional with increasing the water flow rate through heat exchanger with the maximum decrease in NOX emissions of 18.76%. But , CO , UHC and soot are directly proportional to increasing the water flow rate through heat exchanger as the maximum increase in CO , UHC and soot were (27.43%,26.32%,19.87%) respectively .also found the emissions from gas oil fuel more than kerosene fuel .}, keywords = {Products Cooling,Pollution,Emissions,Continuous Combustion Chamber}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112532.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112532_00d2141dd0f562edc9754e6ebe7e1a82.pdf} } @article { author = {Sabah Al-Araji, Ahmed and Ibraheem Abdulkareem, Ahmed}, title = {A Nonlinear Neural Controller Design for the Single Axis Magnetic Ball Levitation System Based on Slice Genetic Algorithm}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {22-32}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.3}, abstract = {This paper presents a ball position tracking control tuning algorithm for single axis magnetic levitation system using slice genetic optimization technique based nonlinear neural controller. As simple and fast tuning technique, slice genetic optimization algorithm is used to tune the nonlinear neural controller's parameters in order to get the best control action for the magnetic levitation system through the tracking of pre-defined location of the steel ball. Pollywog wavelet activation function is used in the structure of the nonlinear neural controller. The obtained results (using MATLAB program) show that the effectiveness of the proposed controller in minimizing the tracking error to zero value and also, in the softness of the control action with the lowest amount of fitness evaluation number.}, keywords = {Magnetic Levitation System,Neural Controller,Slice Genetic Algorithm}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112533.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112533_665aab8a83643f54c8e8de2a8694da86.pdf} } @article { author = {Sadiq Hussen, Shatha}, title = {Influence of Incorporating Construction Building Demolition as Recycled Aggregate on Concrete Behavior}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {33-49}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.4}, abstract = {Because of increasing waste production and public concerns about the environment, it is desirable to recycle materials from construction and building demolition. This study aimed to find a technique for producing recycled aggregate concrete obtained from construction and building demolition waste. Laboratory trials were conducted to investigate the possibility of using recycled aggregate from different sources in Iraq, as a partial replacement of both coarse and fine natural aggregates or one of them. Recycled aggregate consists of crushed concrete (CC) or acombination of crushed brick (CB) and crushed concrete (CC). The aggregate in concrete was replaced with 10%, 20%, 30% and 50% by weight of crushedconcrete (CC) or crushed brick (CB) and crushed concrete CC. Some of mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete as compared to those of conventional normal aggregate concrete are studied. Compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength were determined after curing for 7, 28, and 90 days while density was determined after28 days.From these results, it is reasonable to assume that the use of recycled concrete aggregate does not jeopardize the mechanical properties of concretefor replacement ratios up to 50%. The concrete prepared with the crushed concrete only as a partial replacement of natural aggregate achieved the highest strength values at 7, 28and 90 days. The results suggested that an aggregate that contains 50% recycled aggregate is optimum for producing recycled aggregate concrete The test results showed that the replacement of coarse or fine natural aggregate by recycled brick aggregate at the levels of 10,20,30 and 50% had little effect on the compressive strength of the specimens.}, keywords = {Concrete,splitting tensile strength,Compressive Strength,Recycled aggregate,demolition}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112534.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112534_eea3d174722d04695d11737dab043bc8.pdf} } @article { author = {Y. Fattah, Ali and Hussam Abdul-Wahed, Saif}, title = {Mitigation of Fiber Nonlinearity Effects in Ultra High-Dense WDM System by Using Fractional Fourier Transform for 32 Channel System}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {50-60}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.5}, abstract = {The optical signal is severely degraded when transmitted in the fiber due to both the linear and nonlinear distortions. It is well known that, the linear distortions in single mode fiber include chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) while self-phase modulation (SPM), cross phase modulation (XPM) and four-wave mixing (FWM) are considered the most among nonlinear distortions. A method called Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) has been applied to mitigate fiber nonlinearity impairments. In this work, 10 Gb/s optical fiber system with five spans, each of length 60 km, for three types of modulation formats (Return-to-Zero Differential Phase Shift Keying (RZ-DPSK), Return-to-Zero Differential Quaternary Phase Shift Keying (RZ-DQPSK) and Carrier-Suppressed Return-to-Zero (CSRZ)), single and multi-channel transmission systems are designed and simulated using “OptiSystem (2011) version 10.0” software package. The BER of thirty two channel systems (channel No.16) at bit rate 10 Gb/s per channel, 300 km link length of CSRZ modulation format with channel spacing of 50 GHz at SNR 10 dB without FRFT is 10-4.6 and 10-6.4 with FRFT. The BER of thirty two channel system (channel No.16) at bit rate 10 Gb/s per channel, 300 km link length of CSRZ modulation format with channel spacing of 25 GHz at SNR 10 dB without FRFT is 10- 2.56 and 10-3.24 with FRFT.}, keywords = {Nonlinear impairment,FRFT,CSRZ modulation format}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112535.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112535_171072dec408a61617634e88f7478e3a.pdf} } @article { author = {A. Aziez, Sameir and Naji Abdul-Rihda, Huda}, title = {Comparing Kalman Filter and Dynamic Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy for Integrating of INS/GPS Systems}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {61-72}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.6}, abstract = {Global Positioning System (GPS) and Inertial Navigation System (INS) technologies have been widely used in a variety of positioning and navigation applications. Both Systems have their unique features and shortcomings. Hence, combined system of GPS and INS can exhibit the robustness, higher bandwidth and better noise characteristics of the inertial system with the long-term stability of GPS, Integrated together are used to provide a reliable Navigation System. This paperwill compare the performance of Kalman filter and Dynamic adaptive neuro fuzzy system for integrated INS/GPS systems. The Simulation Results by Matlab7 Programming Language showed great improvements in positioning, gives a best results and reduce the root mean square error (r.m.s.) when used Dynamic adaptive neuro fuzzy system rather than Kalman filter.}, keywords = {Kalman Filter,Dynamic adaptive neuro fuzzy system,GPS System,INS System}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112536.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112536_cb2bc44db3541876e83b593166c9f967.pdf} } @article { author = {Neama Abood, Adnan and A. Mahmood, Ibtihal. and Edan Kader, Ekhlas}, title = {Effect of Carbon Nanotube on Damping Characteristic of Epoxy Polysulfide Blend Composite}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {73-84}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.7}, abstract = {In a Nano-composite structure, it is anticipated that high damping can be achieved by taking advantage of the interfacial friction between the nanotubes and the polymer. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the structural damping characteristics of polymeric composites containing Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with various amounts with polysulfide rubber (PSR) . The damping characteristics of the specimens with 0 wt% and 0.6 wt% Carbon nanotube contents were computed experimentally. Through comparing with neat resin specimens (epoxy, epoxy +PSR), the study showed that one can enhance damping by adding CNTs fillers into polymeric resins. Similarly experiment showed that the maximum value of damping ratio was obtained at 0.4 wt% CNTs.}, keywords = {Epoxy,Carbon Nanotubes,Nano,composite}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112542.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112542_5926f2d2608b4ef2001844800aedd9bd.pdf} } @article { author = {H. Ataiwi, Ali and K. Hassan, Ayad and A.F. Al-Saadi, Ban}, title = {Erosion Behavior of Steel Pipes Carrying of Some Iraqi Crude Oils}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {85-95}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.8}, abstract = {This paper deals with erosion that is defined as a process of progressive removal of material from a target surface due to repeated impacts of solid particles for the special case of two phases (liquid and solid). Experimental investigation dependence on erosion rate in different Iraqi oils obtained from Baghdad East Field (Al-Khaseb oil (Kh) and Al-Tanoma oil (T)) and from Al- Durra Refinery (Al-Stratege oil (ST)). The effect of impact angle and testing time on erosion rates has been analyzed. An erosion devise is fabricated and special fixtures havebeen developed to conduct erosion tests at various impactangles (30°, 45°, 60°,and 90°). Experimentshave been conducted in oil in absence and presence sandof concentration (1.74 wt. %) with three particle sizes (600 µm, 850 µm and mixture of two) at the velocity of (8.4 m/s). The results indicated that the increasing of impact angle led to decreasing erosion rate.}, keywords = {Erosion Rate,Impact Angle,Particle Size,Silica Sand}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112543.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112543_e067859a6e93169cee2c82168bf1bf24.pdf} } @article { author = {K. Ahmed, Hisham and A. Abd, Oday}, title = {Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete Containing Different Cementitious Materials}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {96-110}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.9}, abstract = {High strength concrete hasstrength significantly beyond what is used in normal practice. According to American Concrete Institute (ACI), high strength concrete revised the definition to cover mixtures with specified design strength of 55 MPa or more. The main objective of this investigation isto study the effect of using different supplementary cementitious materials in binary blends on mechanical properties of high strength concrete. The experimental work includes threestages: firstly, preparation of cementitious materials (metakaolin and pumice) from local materials,second involves conducting several trial mixes to choose the best of superplasticizer that satisfies the required properties and to specify the optimum water content which is designed in laboratory by 0.3 W/Cm ratio, to achieve workability with (60-80mm) slump and the best compressive strength which was 64.6 at 28 days. Thirdly carrying out tests to find out the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, modulus of rupture, on binary concretes including mixes containing silica fume as cement replacement at percentages of 8%, 10% and 15%, mixes containing metakaolin as cement replacement levels of 10%, 15%, and20% and mixes containing pumice at cement replacement of 10%, 15%, and 20%.These properieswere measured at ages ranging from7days to 180 days. The resultsindicate that the silica fume performs better than other supplementary cementitious materials(metakaolin or pumice) in terms of the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of rupture development at ages of 7,28,60,90and180 days where the average percentage of increase when using 8%,10% and 15% ofsilica fume was about(19%,23% and 18.7%) ,respectively, while when using 10%,15% and 20%metakaolin the average percentage of increase was (10%,12.6% and 4%) respectively, also when using 10%,15% and 20% of pumice the average percentage of increase was (2.6%, 6% and 1.5%), respectively.}, keywords = {High Strength Concrete,Compressive Strength,splitting tensilestrength,modulus of rupture,Modulus of elasticity,Silica fume,metakaolin and pumice}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112544.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112544_0decb90ce17ee694d7eb257d31c2a25d.pdf} } @article { author = {Kadhim Oleiwi, Jawad and Jumaah Ahmed, Shaymaa}, title = {Studying the Tensile and Buckling for PMMA Reinforced by Jute Fibers for Prosthetic Pylon}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {111-122}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.10}, abstract = {The main objective of this research is studying the tensile and buckling of Jute fibers reinforced composite by varying the number of Jute fibers layers and fibers angle (±45°&0°/90°). Vacuum bagging technique was adopted for the preparation of laminated composite specimens that made from PMMA as matrix and Perlon layers with different number of Jute fibers layers as reinforcement materials. Also the finite element method (ANSYS-15) was used by creating a model of prosthetic pylon and applied compressive load at heel strike step from gait cycle to know the critical buckling stress. The results showed that the best laminated composite specimens have three Jute fibers layers at (0 º /90 º) fibers orientation relative to applied load. Where, the critical buckling stress, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity were (442MPa, 61MPa, and 3.75GPa) respectively, while, the percentage elongation was (2.1).}, keywords = {Prosthetic pylon,Jute fibers,tensile,Buckling}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112545.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112545_4927b5c897b0b1bc15805a9fa5f3c514.pdf} } @article { author = {mohammed abdulatif, Thabet}, title = {Analysis of Hydraulic Characteristics of Broad Crested Weir with Semicircle Control Section}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {123-135}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.11}, abstract = {This study deals with evaluation ofthe hydraulic characteristics such as critical depth, and discharge coefficient of a broad crested weir with semi-circle control section extend across the full width of a laboratory channel. Provided the occurrence of critical Flow at the control section, the use of solver function in Microsoft Excel replaces the traditional methods such as trial and error method and chart to solve governing equations represent the hydraulic condition at the control section. The use of solver function provides accurate solution of critical depthsfor different flowrates ranges, knowing these depths valuesmake it easy for computation of theoretical discharges. Data obtained from laboratory experiments provide information on head – discharge relationship examined under free flow condition. The (HEC-RAS)software version 4.1 was developed with steady flow state yields, water surface profiles, and plot cross sections and computational of rating curve. The results achieved are compared with the observations show acceptable agreement between these two results and the flow remains critical, not supercritical along the weir crest. The study shows that theoretical discharge equation is a function of shape factor, the laboratory discharge measurement varies with the square head upstream weir crest, and the values of the discharge coefficient are not quite constant with the range of modular limit, but increases slightly with increasing discharge.}, keywords = {control section,critical depth,HEC,RAS,rating curve,solver function,Discharge coefficient}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112550.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112550_403b6da6ddba45c22170de6914f6e89a.pdf} } @article { author = {Z. Sekhi, Saad}, title = {Calculation the Parameters of the Filters Shaping and the Properties of Random Processes on the Output Linear Filters by Using Mathematical Modeling}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {136-150}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.12}, abstract = {Using mathematical modeling of wireless devices and systems, where it was to provide detailed explanations about calculating parameters shaping filters features and characteristics of the operations on the exits, and the study has to solve many computational problems conventional related to the following topics: 1. Calculate the properties of random processes on the output linear filters when exposed to the input of the white Gaussian noise. 2. Calculate the parameters of the filters shaping used to simulate the random processes with giving her the spectral-correlation properties. 3. Calculation parameters of optimal detectors of radio pulses. 4. Optimal estimation of the unknown parameters of the distribution.}, keywords = {Random Process,Linear Filters,White Gaussian Noise,Filters Shaping,Optimal Detectors}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112551.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112551_a87c61a30d49fcaa0de87ac051839f17.pdf} } @article { author = {F. Alani, Tahseen and M. Saleh, Ammar}, title = {Error Analysis in Surfaces Reconstruction by Fitting and Interpolation Technique}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {151-164}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.13}, abstract = {Error between surfaces is the measurement to give us information how similar or different they are. Moreover, since the data associated with error between two matching surfaces are too huge and further need to be filtered into meaningful information. This research shows the suitable ways to represent error, to achieve data reduction and how detailed. Surfacerepresentations that may then be used as a part of many applications in engineering, clinic, virtual and other CAD applications. The statistical tools analysis of error has been developed to provide effective visual inputs that the designer can interpret of meaningful information. The comparison between two matching surfaces was done by using the differences in elevation techniquesthat called distance error between surfaces. A comparison has been made between the two adopted techniques of surface generation (fitting and interpolation) depending on several standard functions (sine-cosine functions, exponential functions and power functions), where the two techniques (fitting and interpolation) have been applied to analyze the representing error statistically. Then the design results have been implemented in manufacturing three of these surfaces using three axis vertical CNC milling machine tool with ball end mill cutter. By applying the proposed surface models, the similarity factor was found to be ranged between 84.86% for one of the models to 100% for other models that are reconstructed by the adopted fitting and interpolating techniques.}, keywords = {fitting and interpolation,Reverse engineering,Error between surfaces,statistical tools analysis and similarity factor}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112552.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112552_994bb29cab61ef3c8ebd0f58da199067.pdf} } @article { author = {A. Al-Mazini, Mazin}, title = {Effect of Web Opening on the Ultimate Capacity of Steel Plate Girders under Two Points Load}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {165-177}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.14}, abstract = {The structural behavior of steel plate girders with web opening is investigated in this study. An experimental and theoretical investigation of plate girders with circle and square openings in the web was conducted. The experimental work included testing of seven plate girder specimens under two point loads. Three specimens were tested to observe the influence of the circular web opening. The influence of the presence of square web openings was studied by testing other three specimens. The last one was tested without opening as a reference (control) specimen. These specimens had the same dimensions. The experimental results showed that the ultimate load capacity of the girders decreases with increasing the opening size, and the position of plastic hinge depends on the size of hole. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis has been used to conduct the numerical investigation of the structural behavior of plate girders with web opening. ANSYS (version 12.0) computer program was used in this study. Four- nodes shell element (SHELL 181) was used to represent the steel plate. The proposed finite element model has been used to carry out a parametric study to investigate the effects of two parameters; web slenderness and flange stiffness ratios, on the ultimate load capacity of plate girders with circular web openings.}, keywords = {Experimental investigation,Plate Girders,web opening,ultimate load behavior,Finite element method}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112553.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112553_6968d49c1db3660f689e11f93a4de67f.pdf} } @article { author = {Abid Hubeatir, Kadhim}, title = {Preparation and Characterization Study of ZnS Thin Films with Different Substrate Temperatures}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {178-185}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.15}, abstract = {Zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films were deposited on a glass and n-type Silicon wafer substrates at temperature range from 50 - 200 Co using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of the films have been investigated. The XRD analyses indicate that ZnS films have zinc blende structures with plane (111) preferential orientation, whereas the diffraction patterns sharpen with the increase in substrate temperatures. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Images shows the particle size and surface roughness of the deposited ZnS thin film at substrate temperature 50 and 150 Co were about 62.90nm, 74.68nm respectively. Also we noticed that the surface roughness is increased at substrate temperature 150 Co compared with temperature 50 Co. At 200 Co the formed films exhibit a good optical property with 80% transmittance in the visible region. The electrical properties confirmed that they depend strongly on the bias voltage and the amount of current produced by a photovoltaic device which is directly related to the number of photons absorbed. C-V results demonstrated that the fabricated heterojunction is of abrupt type.}, keywords = {ZnS films,Pulsed laser deposition,Morphological properties,Electrical properties}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112554.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112554_ffa00d7a5b72812640d1a0170126348b.pdf} } @article { author = {S. Faiq, Lamees and F. Attiyah, Zahraa}, title = {The Effect of Ferrite Content on the Thermomechanical and Dielectric Strength Properties of Epoxy Composite}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {186-192}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.16}, abstract = {Different concentrations of cadmium ferrite (2%, 5%, 8%, 10% and 15%) were incorporated into epoxy resin. Cadmium ferrite was prepared by conventional ceramic technique. Composites are prepared by mixing the ferrite with epoxy by hand lay - up method at different percentages. The effect of ferrite content on tensile strength, hardness, thermal properties such thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat beside the dielectric strength were investigated. Using ferrite powders as filler to form particulate composite could lead to composite properties improvement. All the measured properties were improved with the increasing of the filler content. The results showed the important role of perfect adhesion between the filler and the polymer on the composite properties. It is found that the uniform distribution of filler particles in all directions of composite leads to the improved properties.}, keywords = {Cadmium ferrite,Mechanical properties,composites,thermal conductivity,thermal diffusivity,Dielectric strength}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112555.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112555_fa9bce9e1e46a0bd5c53fe24d9d229ef.pdf} } @article { author = {Saleem, Raed and Abdulmajeed Khaleel, Tareq and Salam, Hadeel}, title = {Risk Management which Affects School Building Construction}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.17}, abstract = {School buildings that projects of a special nature and stages interspersed potential risks and increase the risk of occurrence in the implementation phase, including the risk of design, planning and other operational, legal, financial, logistical, physical or human, natural or environmental risks. Despite the similarity of projects, school buildings in general, but just change the place or the technique used, for example, leads to the possibility of a risk and therefore will reflect this on the cost of the project. Such risks haunt administration engineering projects for the researcher tries to shed light on some of the most important risks to the implementation of projects, school buildings and incurred financial losses. Where he was preparing a questionnaire after conducting personal interviews and review of previous research studies and taking expert opinion to determine the set of risk that could occur in the projects of school buildings. Distributed form on 64 people with competence, and then analyzed these risks qualitatively by the degree of importance and probability of occurrence According to recur in the projects of school buildings and then work matrix probability and impact hazard for the development of treatments have by the nature of the threat mentioned in the list with the stated some proposal to circulate a list and the results showed the lack of quality risk management plan projects in school buildings in advance at the stage of planning and design, and thus the absence of a record of risk you get to benefit from them in the future with the knowledge of the most important risks that occur during the execution of projects, school buildings, the researcher said some proposals for the dissemination of the list of risks on all building projects are to work out since the beginning of planning for the establishment of a school building and the importance of the audit at the design stage.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112556.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112556_ab2d5cad386c4b73950a923f0a3bac39.pdf} } @article { author = {Shakir Majdi, Hassan and Jasim Mohmmed, Khidhair}, title = {Identification of Phase Transformations During Heating and Cooling for High Iron Chromium Alloy by Dilatometric Method}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {13-21}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.18}, abstract = {The phase transformations occur in metals and alloys involves important changes in microstructures according to chemical composition and kinetic of transformations in alloy ,this work deals with many operations and investigation, especially dilatometric test , which enable the achievement of important results for the aim of research. Phase transformation points during heating and cooling by different rates (2-100) C◦/min , for high CR-Fe with high Cr , using dilatometric tests . these tests showed that cooling of this alloy from (950)C◦ , had more than phase transformation during cooling at rate (2-50)C◦/min . while only one transformation –martinsite –during cooling at a rate of (100)C◦/min , as no other transformation at that low temperature . This transformation has high importance to obtain high ,strength, hardness and wear resistance .Those properties are useful for many applications. The phase transformation points of alloy enable the choose of heat treatment required to get the suitable properties. The important results achieved by heating and cooling rates were indication of phase transformation and the time periods of those transformations .}, keywords = {}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112557.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112557_0ea5dc0421ac3130621970d7f4b26d0a.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed Wajeeh Al Dabbagh, Shamael and Alaa Baqer Bayram, Sarah}, title = {Concept of Social Support for Willness Supportive Design Theory in the Interior Spaces of Senior Living}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {22-37}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.19}, abstract = {Seniors represent an important category in any society being one of the most important institutions of community, Thence the Society is utterly responsible for providing seniors with the healthiest services. Architects, planners, psychologists and sociologists have taken into account major considerations when designing the interior spaces in health institutions to help reinforce a curing environment. This is hoped to decrease pain, fear and anxiety , which in turn would enhance the feeling of security and safety for seniors and fasten his cure .The description of modern spaces of seniors living shows lacking in full range of Supportive Design of wellness , which are not present in most modern spaces . They have also been neglected by designers: both by not being consciously manipulated and by not allowing them to happen. The research problem identified by the lack of a clear perception of the concept of social support of the theory of supporttive design, In relation to internal space elements and their role in promoting recovery within the atmosphere of the internal environment of the elderly residence, the main hypothesis of the research, which were represented by {The elements design of internal spaces that achieve social support contribute in promoting the recovery of elderly residents in care homes.The research reaches to the definition of Supportive design of wellness as : ((A design that enhances interior environments possibilities for constructors care for the elderly to make a positive psychological changes for residents in this role and urged the curability and enhance deal with stress and cope with stress by attracting the attention of the elderly and try to create a pleasant atmosphere characterized by motivation and creativity challenge of anxiety and dispersion of mind for pain and diseases that afflict them, and healthy indoor environments based design to provide functional and safety requirements in addition to achieving psychological comfort through the budget between the various design factors, climatic, and psychological...)). In view of the problem under investigation, the goal of the present research is defined as arriving at the establishment of a theoretical framework of the design factors supporting wellness, in an attempt to find a clear vision about the concept of social support to the theory of supportive willness design, in connection with the internal space elements and their role in promoting willness within the atmosphere of the internal environment of Senior Living. To achieve the aim of the study , a theoretical framework has been set up first and then applied to selected architectural environment in order to verify the hypothesis adopted in this research and to infer the influence of the wellness stimuli hoping to get an ideal architectural design for the future building of seniors living. Where research focused on three models of the theory of reinforcement recovery within the physical environment of the nursing homes: 0.1) Enhancement Homelike environment; 0.2) Enhancement Small Scale Clustering Approach; 0.3) Enhancement a variety of common spaces. The results of the analysis shows the important actors of the internal space elements in promoting recovery within the atmosphere of the internal environments of the senior living. Finally displayed some of the conclusions and recommendations of all.}, keywords = {Elderly Care Home,Supportive Design of Wellness,Homelike environment,Small Scale approach,Access to social support,Elderly Care Homes,Willness Supportive Design}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112558.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112558_80b73ff13ed1c10f25919d2b87c0124c.pdf} } @article { author = {Joseph Rizqoo, Nawfal}, title = {Teaching Procedures Consistent with learning Curriculum& Syllabus in Architectural Departments, AL-Nahrain University}, journal = {Engineering and Technology Journal}, volume = {34}, number = {1A}, pages = {38-67}, year = {2016}, publisher = {University of Technology-Iraq}, issn = {1681-6900}, eissn = {2412-0758}, doi = {10.30684/etj.34.1A.20}, abstract = {The fact that today's world is passing through a stage of scientific development and massive technological advances, this stage is Known by the scientific and technological Revolution, which added to the human civilization huge toll of knowledge in many areas, that increasing in quantity and quality day after day, and while the academic institutions is a social institutions created by the community to establish a, scientific individuals to carry out their responsibilities, and also are considered a tributary which supplies the community with different scientific persons capable of advance the reality for the better, many efforts have been made in the research and studies in the field of Curriculum in academic institutions, given a big emphasis on the concept of Teaching Procedures Consistent with learning Curriculum in searching for an active teaching away from the techniqueperformance ( the traditional one) which is not accomplish the real Understanding, and where the modern educational studies set towards affirming on the necessity of activating the Role of the Teaching Procedures as ways that gave the better teaching income which lead towardaccomplish the understanding and gaining the Knowledge from the students in simplest, faster ,and more efficient teaching procedure. The education studies have reached that this no ideal procedure that can we use to teach which appropriate with all goals we want to accomplish ,but there is many procedures considered the teacher as the core in the learning process, while other procedures we considered the teacher and the students playing both the big role in it. So the research seeks toDiagnose the teaching Procedures that are consistence with the Curriculum adopted in ArchitecturalDepartments with its Syllabus, and the research choose a case study that was the ArchitecturalDepartment in -AL-Nahrain University,and the research has reviewed its syllabus compared with the teaching Procedures in the research body, the research concludethat there isa connection between many syllabus in Curriculum with special group of teaching Procedures and so when we adopt these teaching Procedures in lectures we may save a lot of efforts ,time from both the lecturer and the student , and that would contribute in understanding the syllabus lectures in simplest, faster ,and more efficient way.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112559.html}, eprint = {https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_112559_88ff0c8baa57bd02fa03917fc6b78a6a.pdf} }