ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Improvement the Corrosive Strength of R.C Jndustrial Water Tanks Exposed To Salphric Acid By Using Fabricated Fibers
The main purpose of this research is to minimize the corrosive action of dilute sulfuric acid solution (10% concentration) on concrete industrial water tanks in batteries factories. Concrete incorporated with carbon and polypropylene fiber chips in proportions (3 – 5) % and (0.5 – 1) % by volume was used respectively . Super plasticizer type SP 603 Tufflow with a dosage of (2 -2.6) L/100kg cement was also added . Mechanical test such as compressive strength test and physical tests such as ultrasonic pulse velocity , bulk density, and water absorption tests were done to the samples after curing in normal water for ( 7 , 28 , 60 , 90 , 180 ) days and then they were exposed to dilute sulfuric acid solution (10% concentration) for ( 7 , 30 , 60 , 90, 180) days . The samples cured in water for 28 days , then they were dried in electrical oven at 110°C before they were exposed to acid solution . Test results show a noticeable improvement in durability of suggested concrete mixes against aggressive dilute acids .
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57241_b01751b8d24f241a98a3679b1480ba90.pdf
2012-06-01
259
272
10.30684/etj.30.11.15
Rafaa
Zaer Jasim
1
AUTHOR
Zainab
Aamer Shams Al-Din
2
AUTHOR
Shakir
Ahmed Saleh
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Human Face Recognition is Dependent on Computing the Similarity and Difference of the SevenMoments Values as a Face Features
Recognition of personal identification needs numerous techniques. Solution of this problem needs the development of technique for arriving to the highest accuracy for recognition. Some of techniques depend on human personal image. This research presents new technique for human face recognition. Two tests are executed for the image. The first test depends on splitting the image vertically into two parts (left part and right part) for evaluating the seven moments for each part to find similarity and difference between these parts. The second test depend on taking the image in different cases such as (image rotation and turn the angle of photo with different values) , extract the characteristics( such as eyes, nose, and mouth) of these images in these cases ,then compute the seven moments for these characteristics and then finding the similarity and difference between these characteristics .
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57058_1fcde01b69ff4b500614586d1231236d.pdf
2012-06-01
1843
1860
10.30684/etj.30.11.1
Rules of Moments
and Digital image of Human Face
Ekhlas
Falih Nasser
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Citric Acid Concentration on the Corrosion Rate of Aluminum Alloy Type (AA 7001)
The main purpose of this research is to study the concentration influence of citric acid on the corrosion rate of aluminum alloy type (AA 7001), samples of aluminum alloy were merged in different concentrations of the acid at various durations, the results showed that the less corrosion rate was at 25% concentration after 120 day and the higher rate was at 10% after 30 day.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57059_1bfe950ccc5695a1d088d166d5658449.pdf
2012-06-01
1861
1869
10.30684/etj.30.11.2
Aluminum alloys
chemical corrosion
Haitham
Yahya AbdulMajeed
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
perimental investigation of water vapor-bubble pump characteristics and its mathematical model reconstruction
In this research, an experimental test has been conducted to study the pumping characteristics of a vapor-bubble pump based on water properties. It also includes a trial based on the obtained experimental data to correct and reconstruct the previously developed theoretical mathematical model of this bubble pump. The mathematical model that was developed for general fluid properties can be used after modification to represent the actual behavior of the water vapor-bubble pump. Most of the bubble pump configuration parameters which may affect its performance are experimentally investigated. Three different inner tube diameters (8, 10, 12 mm) with five submergence ratios (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6) are tested. The results showed that the bubble pump capacity increases with the thermal energy processed and continue to increase up to a maximum value then begin to decline. Each tube diameter has its own maximum discharge; the bigger tube diameter gives higher maximum discharge which is in turn increases with the increasing of submergence ratio. The experimental results of the pumping capacity are compared with those obtained from the mathematical model .Then the mathematical model is reconstructed by adding a correcting factor (K). This factor is necessary to account for the discrepancies that observed between the experimental and the theoretical results. The margin of error between the results of the resulting corrected mathematical model and the results of the practical test was acceptable and it can use this new model to analyze the performance of the bubble pump.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57223_c6a26c278eb84c5f15da93678ff16cad.pdf
2012-06-01
1870
1885
10.30684/etj.30.11.3
Bubble pump Model reconstruction
Vapor bubble pump
Abduwadood
Salman Shihab
1
AUTHOR
Akeel
Mohammed Ali Morad
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Fatigue Life Prediction at Elevated Temperature under Low – High and High – Low Loading Based OnMechanical Properties Damage Model
In this work, an experimental study was carried to obtain the fatigue accumulation damage for aluminum alloy, 2024-T4 under rotating bending loading and stress ratio R= -1. The experiments were done at RT(room temperature) ,25oC ,and 200oC. A modified damage stress model was suggested to predict the fatigue life under elevated temperature which has been formulated to take into account the damage at different load levels. The present model results were compared with the experimental results and those calculated by the most fatigue damage model used in fatigue (Miners rule). The comparison showed that the present model presents reasonable factor of safety while Miner model sometimes gave a factor of safety close to unity.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57226_bfeb5ca12831621710e3e421174f1939.pdf
2012-06-01
1886
1896
10.30684/etj.30.11.4
Damage stress model
life prediction of elevated temperature
Miner rule
Zainab
K. Hantoosh
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System for Speed Control of Three-Phase Induction Motor
Conventional Proportional Integral (PI) controller of A.C drives are widely used in industry and many other applications, because of its simplicity, but it does not give high degree of speed control of induction motor. There are many types of controller: Proportional (P), Proportional Integral (PI), Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), and Intelligent controllers. The intelligent controller becomes a powerful tool for control nonlinear system in present time. This paper proposes the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System as an intelligent controller of the induction motor. In addition, the PI controller is presented in this paper as a conventional controller. The mathematical epresentation and simulation of the 3-phase induction motor is represented too. Also, a 3-phase voltage-fed Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) inverter is demonstrated and simulated. The overall system for both PI and ANFIS controllers are simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK program. The comparison of simulation results between the conventional PI and the proposed ANFIS performances shows that: the ANFIS controller gives superior performance than the conventional PI controller for wide range of speed variation.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57227_5521112a4943812e418d1871d081ecd4.pdf
2012-06-01
1897
1911
10.30684/etj.30.11.5
Sinusoidal PWM
Speed control of induction motor
PI Controller
ANFIS controller
Lina
J. Rashad
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Novel Deployable Reflector using a Lazy Tong Truss
In this paper, a new concept for a deployable parabolic reflector used in SAR satellite has a support based on a two-dimensional lazy tong mechanism is proposed. Two sets of lazy tong mechanisms are used, one at each side, to support the structure through its operation (deploying and folding). The deployment of the structure is controlled by the vertical inward movement of the ends of the first two bars in each mechanism. This movement is directed by the strain energy stored in the helical springs that work at those places. A preliminary design of the quarter scale model of the suggested reflector in deployed configuration is modeled and analyzed using ANSYS software program. The value of the maximum deflection and Von Mises stress due to effect of inertia load only are obtained for the composite material (T300/Hexcel 8552) of the reflective surface and hard aluminum alloys (2024-T3) of the truss. They were 0.465 mm and 23.3 MPa respectively. The linear buckling behavior of the structure is as well studied. The first eigenvalue factor was about 19.639. The theoretical total deploying time and velocity is considered and their magnitudes are about 0.14 sec. and 0.46 m/s respectively. The packaging volume was about 1/6th of deploying volume. The total estimated mass of this quarter scale reflector was approximately 2.5 kg.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57232_7d5d6a7b7d08e5e5ac0fc506f092e842.pdf
2012-06-01
1912
1924
10.30684/etj.30.11.6
deployable reflector
lazy tong mechanism
stowed
deployed
Nabil
Noor Swadi
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Product of Two Fuzzy Normed Spaces and its Completion
The aim of this paper is to prove that the Cartesian product of two complete fuzzy normed space is again a complete fuzzy normed space. Also to prove that the Cartesian product of two complete fuzzy inner product spaces is a complete fuzzy inner product space.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57233_776c6713358819276156636a71d44f22.pdf
2012-06-01
1925
1934
10.30684/etj.30.11.7
fuzzy normed spaces
fuzzy inner product spaces
Raghad
Ibrahem.Sabre
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The influence of the temperature on the ultimate tensile strength of the composite materials at constant Fiber volume fraction
The aim of this work is to study the influence of the temperature on the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of composite material which is manufactured from polyester and E-glass (woven roving, chopped strand mat) as a laminate with a constant fiber volume fraction (VF) of 33%. The results showed a little effect of temperature on tensile strength in the range of room temperature (RT) to 50 oC for laminates reinforced with E-glass (woven roving) [0/90, ±45,0/90], [0/90]3, and [0/90, CSM, 0/90], but for laminates reinforced with E-glass chopped strand mat (CSM), as [CSM] 3 and [CSM, 0/90, CSM], a continuous reduction in strength was observed with increasing temperature from (RT) to 60 oC. The highest percentage reduction in strength was 23% at 60oC as compared with (RT) for [CSM]3 laminate
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57234_c7b6ffc40c5c99d2d84f5649b19583e9.pdf
2012-06-01
1935
1947
10.30684/etj.30.11.8
composite material
Tensile Strength
temperature
Hussain
J. Al-alkawi
1
AUTHOR
Dhafir
S. Al-Fattal
2
AUTHOR
Abdul-jabar
H. Ali
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Experimental Investigation to Improve Metal Removal Rate (MRR) and Surface Roughness in Electrochemical Machining
Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a non-traditional machining process which is the controlled removal of metal by anodic dissolution in an electrolytic cell in which the workpiece is the anode and the tool is cathode. In ECM, metal removal rate (MRR) takes place due to atomic dissolution of work material. Electrochemical dissolution is governed by Faraday’s laws.I n this study the ECM is used to remove metal from the internal hole of the workpiece from aluminum alloy using NaCl solution. The rates of improvement in MRR are (6.48, 1.81, 3.74, 13.24, 3.11) % for current densities of (2.82, 4.24, 5.65, 7.07, 8.48) A/cm2 respectively, when compared with the stationary tool, and the rotating electrode gives better surface finish than the stationary electrode, were the enhancement rates in roughness are (7, 31.72, 7.91, 15.49, 1.34)% for current density values of (2.82, 4.24, 5.65, 7.07, 8.48) A/cm2 respectively.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57235_02be390aa023a696b6c1032baaeb8f4d.pdf
2012-06-01
1948
1959
10.30684/etj.30.11.9
Electrochemical Machining
Metal removal rate MRR
Surface Roughness
Rotating Tool
Saad
Kariem Shather
1
AUTHOR
Baqer
Ayad Ahmed
2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of Skewed Anisotropy upon Exit Gradients
The generalization of DARCY’s law in 2.diemnsions has led to equations which describe permeability of the soil as a symmetric tensor of second rank (1, 2). In seepage problems it is common to define the GLOBAL coordinate axis to coincide with the principal directions of the permeability tensor, therefore, the cross product (off – diagonal) components (Kxy , Kyx) of the permeability tensor will be zero. It is therefore the purpose of this research to show the influence of the off- diagonal terms of the permeability tensor on the determined exit gradients behind a vertical sheet pile embedded in an anisotropic homogenous soil of finite depth. Also of interest is the derivation of an equation for the determination of exit gradients obtained from coordinate transformations of composite function.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57236_95eec49de89bded537af867b6653730a.pdf
2012-06-01
1960
1970
10.30684/etj.30.11.10
seepage
Anisotropy
sheet pile
exit gradients
Faridoun
A.M. Allawi
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Semi – Chaotic Mutual Learning Platform for Key – Exchange Algorithm Using Neural Network
Neural network has been emerged the cryptography field as efficient tool for both cryptanalysis and cryptography due to its amazing ability to explore solution space for a given problem. One of the latest observations for the behavior of neural networks is its ability to synchronize itself to other neural network based on mutual learning rules; this phenomenon has been under the focus of specialist in cryptographic field due to its significant usage as highly secure key exchange algorithm. This paper is presenting new approach to drive the synchronization based on semi-chaotic mutual learning, where the output of each neural network will be extracted through non-linear mapping to memory filled with balanced number of 1's and 0's as this paper will demonstrate.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57237_856390de0c3cd19efa8b0f1be7cd5aa7.pdf
2012-06-01
1971
1979
10.30684/etj.30.11.11
neural network
synchronization
Cryptography
Mutual learning
Chaotic
Key Exchange
Enas
H. Salih
1
AUTHOR
Mohamad
AB. Saleh
2
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Gheni Alwan
3
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Post-Oxidation on SnO2 Thin Films
An investigation which include synthesis of SnO2 thin film by depositing onto glass substrates at room temperature using thermal evaporation technique. The films were post-annealing in furnace tube at 250 oC temperature for different time (10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes). The films were characterized by AFM microscopy, FTIR and optical absorption spectrophotometer. The grain size was observed to increase with increase the annealing duration. Absorbance spectra were taken to examine the optical properties and band gap energy was observed to decrease with increase the annealing duration. The effect of annealing time on the optical and morphological properties of films were studied and discussed
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57238_71238c83bfee3440d80a46bc3cc98747.pdf
2012-06-01
1980
1986
10.30684/etj.30.11.12
Sno
oxidation of tin
annealing of thin film
Arina
F. Mohammed
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study the Effect of Many Parameters on the Speed of Drilling Materials by Laser Beam
The speed of drilling depends on different parameters such as power, material, time, distance between drilling tool and the material, the drilling tool, etc. In this paper; the laser beam was used as drilling tool. Two types of lasers were used; CO2 laser (10.6μm & 25W) and pulse Nd:YAG laser (1st harmonic 1064nm & 2nd harmonic 532nm, 1J). Two different materials were used; pure silver (0.4mm thickness) and beech wood (3mm thickness). The distance between laser beam and the material was 10cm for CO2 laser and 6.5cm for Nd:YAG laser. Theoretically the melting point of wood is 9345.8 °C. But when reaching the temperature of 300 °C, the auto ignition property will ignite the wood, even in a vacuum. The melting point of pure silver is 961oC. Nor CO2 laser neither Nd:YAG laser could not drill silver even at maximum power for them, but its surface was affected by Nd:YAG laser, where the affected zone color changed. Different powers for CO2 laser were used for different intervals, increasing power increasing drilling speed, zone width and depth. The affected zone of wood by 2nd harmonic Nd:YAG was clear more than that affected by CO2, the CO2 laser would burn it. Many figures which representing the relations between laser power, hole width, hole depth and drilling speed were obtained by using Matlab 2008 software program
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57239_4d9e44c358cfed982a8d87aebfdb11d8.pdf
2012-06-01
1987
1999
10.30684/etj.30.11.13
Drilling materials
Laser beam
Speed of drilling
Fayroz
A. Sabah
1
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Approach for Retrieving and Mining Video Clips
Multimedia (include video, images, audio and text media) is characterized by its high dimensionality, which makes information retrieval and data mining even more challenging. This research proposesa method to build an indexes database for huge collection of video clips, to make the video retrieval and mining much more efficient and perfectthat by considering similarity in both text of sound and features of frames. The proposed method has the following steps: First, isolates video motion from sound in the video clips. Second, converts the sound to text and index the result with database. Third converts video motion to shots, then select the master frame for each one and extracts the feature vector for them such as color, texture, shape and others and finally index the result with database. Fourth,combines the two resulted indexed database (Second and Third steps)into one database and make it the final and standard for both retrieval and mining.
https://etj.uotechnology.edu.iq/article_57240_4c5884d257a089565fec351e1f577d97.pdf
2012-06-01
2000
2009
10.30684/etj.30.11.14
Video Clips
Mining
Indexed Database
Alaa
H. AL-Hamami
1
AUTHOR
Soukaena
Hassan
2
AUTHOR
Mazin
Samer AL-Hakeem
3
AUTHOR