Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Department of Materials Engineering, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq,
2 Department of Materials Engineering, University of Technology - Iraq
3 Department of Physics, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,
Abstract
This work reports on the incorporation of Flint and Kaolin rocks powders in the cement mortar in an attempt to improve its mechanical properties and produce an eco-friendly mortar. Flint and Kaolin powders are prepared by dry mechanical milling. The two powders are added separately to the mortars substituting cement partially. The two powders are found to improve the mechanical properties of the mortars. Hardness and compressive strength are found to increase with the increase of powders constituents in the cement mortars. In addition, the two powders affect water absorption and thermal conductivity of the mortar specimens which are desirable for construction applications. Kaolin is found to have a greater effect on the mechanical properties, water absorption, and thermal conductivity of the mortars than Flint. This behavior is discussed and analyzed based on the compositional and structural properties of the rocks powders.
Keywords
Mechanical Testing and Diagnosis, 1(II), pp.22-39, 2012.
[2] G. Battiato, C. Verga,˝ The AGIP viscoelastic method for asphalt pavement design, proceedings of the fifth
international conference on the structural design of asphalt pavements , Internat Exe Comm. Study Centre
for Road Constr., Vol.1, pp. 59-66, 1982.
[3] J. Aguiar, A. Camões, R. Fangueiro, R. Eires, S. Cunha, M. Kheradmand, ˝Materiais de construção
sustent veis , Congresso Luso-Brasileiro de Materiais de Construção Sustentáveis, Vol. 1-2, pp.2183-1866,
2014.
[4] P. Victor, "The Green Imperative: Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture", Lisboa, published by
Thames and Hudson, London. Paperback. 1995.
[5] E. Arit, ˝Non plastic ceramics material , International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and
Technology, Vol.4, Issue 9, pp. 296-298, September, 2016.
[6] E. Lane, ˝Florida’s geological history and geological resources", Florida Geological Survey Special
Publication, No. 35, p. 64, 1994.
[7] L. P. Knauth , ˝Petrogenesis of chert physical behavior, geochemistry and materials applications, silica ,
Mineralogical Society of America, Vol.29, pp. 233-258, 1994.
[8] M. Aleksandra, M. Zdujić, ˝Preparation of pozzolanic addition by mechanical treatment of kaolin clay",
International Journal of Mineral Processing, Vol.132, pp.59–66, 2014.
[10] M.Aleksandra, M. Zdujic, ˝Mechanochemical treatment of serbian kaolin clay to obtain high reactive pozzolana , Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, Vol.78, No.4, pp.579–90, 2013.
[11] M. S. Labied, T. El ghailassi, A. Bouih, L. Moutei, Y. Benbrahim, T. Guedira, O. Benali, ˝Study of the effect of kaolin in the mortar of cement matrices by confinement of ion exchange resins , MATEC Web of Conferences , Vol.149, pp.01056, 2018.
[12] L. Osterhus, F. Ditz, F. Schmidt-Döhl, ˝Pozzolanic activity of flint powder", Fifth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies, 2019.
[13] P. C. Hewlett, ˝Lea's chemistry of cement and concrete book , Hardcover, Butterworth-Heinemann, Page Count: 1092, 4th Edition, 2003.
[14] A. L. Moore, M. T. Pettes, F. Zhou and L. Shi, ˝Thermal conductivity suppression in bismuth nanowires", J. Appl. Phys., Vol.106, pp. 034310, 2009.
[15] A. W. Hewat, R. A. Young, ˝Verification of the triclinic crystal structure of kaolinite", Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 36, pp.225-232, 1988.
[16] M. C. Morris, H. F. McMurdie, Eloise. H. Evans, B. Paretzkin, H. S. Parker, and N. C. Panagiotopoulos, ˝Standard X-Ray diffraction powder pattern , Natl. Bur. Stand., NBS Monographs 25, section 18, 1981.
[17] H.E. Swanson,R.K Fuyat and G.M. Ugrinic, ˝Standard X-ray diffraction powder patterns , Natl. Bur. of Stand. (U.S.), Circ. 539, Vol.3, pp.24, 1954.
[18] S. Grangeon, B. Lanson, N. Miyata, Y. Tani, and A. Manceau1, ˝Structure of nanocrystalline phyllomanganates produced by freshwater fungi , American Mineralogist, Vol. 95, pp.1608-1616, 2010.
[19] H. J. Werner, P.J. Knowles,G.Knizia,F.R. Manby, and M.Shutz, ˝Eco. cement to reduce Co2 emission , Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. : Comput. Mol. Sci.2, pp.242, 2012.
[20] R. A. Young, P. E. Mackie and R. B. Von, ˝Application of the pattern-fitting structure-refinement method to X-ray powder diffractometer patterns", Journal of Applied Crystallography , vol 10, pp. 262-269, 1977.
[21] A. Al Ghabban, A. B. Al Zubaidi ,M. Jafar and Z. Fakhri, "Effect of nano SiO2 and nano CaCO3 on the mechanical properties, durability and flowability of concrete", IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering PAPER, Mater. Sci. Eng. 454 012016, 2018.
[22] A. B. AL-Zubaidi "Effect of natural fibers on mechanical properties of green cement mortar" AIP Conference Proceedings 1968, 020003, 2018.
[23] B. A. Abdul Majeed and D. A. Sabar, "Effect of kaolinite on the mechanical properties, thermal properties, flammability and water absorption percentage of poly (Vinyl Chloride) composite" Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 27 – 39, June, 2017.
)
