Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, University of Technology-Iraq.

2 Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.

3 Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

Abstract

In this study, the behavior of a Polyvinyl chloride (18 wt % PVC) hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for methyl green (MG) dye removal from aqueous solution was estimated by studying the influence of varying the operation conditions (the concentration of the dye and volumetric flow rate) to determine their impact on the separation processes (permeate flux and rejection coefficient) at constant pressure and temperature. The PVC membrane was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, tests of the UF were carried out with pure water and MG aqueous solutions as feed. Outcomes explained a notable influence of feed concentration and flow rate on the rejection and permeate flux, with the highest rejection coefficient value close to 75.2% of the membrane system, at neutral pH.

Keywords

[1] A. Chougui, A. Belouatek, M. Rabiller-Baudry, ―Synthesis and characterization of new ultrafiltration ceramic membranes for water treatment,‖ Journal of Water Process Engineering, Vol. 30, 100620, 2019.
[2] B. Van der Bruggen, E. Curcio, E. Drioli, ―Process intensification in the textile industry: the role of membrane technology,‖ Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 73, pp. 267-274, 2004.
[3] N.M. Mokhtar, W.J. Lau, A.F. Ismail, ―Dye wastewater treatment by direct contact membrane distillation using polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes,‖ Journal of Polymer Engineering, Vol. 35, pp. 471-479, 2015. [4] J. Dasgupta, J. Sikder, S. Chakraborty, S. Curcio, E. Drioli, ―Remediation of textile effluents by membrane based treatment techniques: A state of the art review,‖ Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 147, pp. 55-72, 2015. [5] I. Escobar, B. Van der Bruggen, ―Modern applications in membrane science and technology,‖ ACS Publications, 1 st Edition, 2011.
[6] J. Lin, W. Ye, M.-C. Baltaru, Y.P. Tang, N.J. Bernstein, P. Gao, S. Balta, M. Vlad, A. Volodin, A. Sotto, P. Luis, A.L. Zydney, B. Van der Bruggen, ―Tight ultrafiltration membranes for enhanced separation of dyes and Na2SO4 during textile wastewater treatment,‖ Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 514, pp. 217-228, 2016.
[7] D. Veerasamy, A. Supurmaniam, Z.M. Nor, ―Evaluating the use of in-situ ultrasonication to reduce fouling during natural rubber skim latex (waste latex) recovery by ultrafiltration,‖ Desalination, Vol. 236, pp. 202-207, 2009.
[8] Y. Huang, H. Li, L. Wang, Y. Qiao, C. Tang, C. Jung, Y. Yoon, S. Li, M. Yu, ―Ultrafiltration Membranes with Structure-Optimized Graphene-Oxide Coatings for Antifouling Oil/Water Separation,‖ Advanced Materials Interfaces, Vol. 2, 1400433,2015.
[9] E. Alventosa-deLara, S. Barredo-Damas, M.I. Alcaina-Miranda, M.I. Iborra-Clar, ―Ultrafiltration technology with a ceramic membrane for reactive dye removal: Optimization of membrane performance,‖ Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 209-210, pp.492-500, 2012.
[10] G. Han, Y. Feng, T.-S. Chung, M. Weber, C. Maletzko, ―Phase inversion directly induced tight ultrafiltration (UF) hollow fiber membranes for effective removal of textile dyes,‖ Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 51,14254-14261, 2017.
[11] M. Jiang, K. Ye, J. Deng, J. Lin, W. Ye, S. Zhao, B. Van der Bruggen, ―Conventional ultrafiltration as effective strategy for dye/salt fractionation in textile wastewater treatment,‖ Environmental Science & Technology, Vol.52 ,10698-10708,2018.
[12] R.T. Krediet, ―Ultrafiltration failure is a reflection of peritoneal alterations in patients treated with peritoneal
dialysis,‖ Frontiers in Physiology, Vol.9, 2018.
[13] S. Muthukumaran, K. Yang, A. Seuren, S. Kentish, M. Ashokkumar, G.W. Stevens, F. Grieser, ―The use of ultrasonic cleaning for ultrafiltration membranes in the dairy industry,‖ Separation and Purification Technology, Vol.39, pp. 99-107, 2004.
[14] A. Cassano, L. Donato, E. Drioli, ―Ultrafiltration of kiwifruit juice: Operating parameters, juice quality and membrane fouling,‖ Journal of Food Engineering, Vol. 79 pp. 613-621, 2007.
[15] C.M. Galanakis, S. Chasiotis, G. Botsaris, V. Gekas, ―Separation and recovery of proteins and sugars from Halloumi cheese whey,‖ Food Research International, Vol. 65, pp. 477-483, 2014.
[16] T.-W. Cheng, H.-M. Yeh, ―Complete momentum-balance analysis of permeate flux for ultrafiltration in hollow-fiber modules,‖ Vol. 11, pp.239-246, 2008.
[17] M.T. Yagub, T.K. Sen, S. Afroze, H.M. Ang, ―Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: A review, Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,‖ Vol. 209, pp. 172-184, 2014.
[18] S. M. Alardhi, T. M. Albayati, J.M. Alrubaye, ―Adsorption of the methyl green dye pollutant from aqueous solution using mesoporous materials MCM-41 in a fixed-bed column,‖ Heliyon, Vol. 6, 2020.
[19] S. M. Alardhi, J.M. Alrubaye, T. M. Albayati, ―Adsorption of methyl green dye onto MCM-41: equilibrium,
kinetics and thermodynamic studies,‖ Desalination and Water Treatment, Vol. 179, pp. 323–331, 2020.
[20] S. Heijman, A. Gijsbertsen, G. Amy, ―Water quality test for dead-end ultrafiltration,‖ Proceedings AWWA WQTC-conference, Quebec November, 2005. [21] M. Cheryan, ―Ultrafiltration and microfiltration handbook,‖ CRC press, 2nd Edition, 1998.
[22] K. Yu Wang, T.-S. Chung, M. Gryta, ―Hydrophobic PVDF hollow fiber membranes with narrow pore size distribution and ultra-thin skin for the fresh water production through membrane distillation,‖ Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 63, pp. 2587-2594, 2008.
[23] J. Dechant, Polymer handbook, Wiley, 3rd edition New York ,1989.
[24] M. Kumar, S. RaoT, A.M. Isloor, G.P.S. Ibrahim, Inamuddin, N. Ismail, A.F. Ismail, A.M. Asiri, ―Use of cellulose acetate/polyphenylsulfone derivatives to fabricate ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes for the removal of arsenic from drinking water,‖ International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Vol. 129, pp. 715-727, 2019.
[25] P. Pal, ―Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology,‖ Butterworth-Heinemann, 1 st Edition, Ch. 5, pp. 173-242, 2017.
[26] M. Mokhtar Nadzirah, J. Lau Woei, F. Ismail Ahmad, ―Dye wastewater treatment by direct contact membrane distillation using polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membranes,‖ Journal of Polymer Engineering, Vol.35 pp. 471–479, 2015.
[27] P.M. Doran, ―Bioprocess engineering principles,‖ Academic Press, London, 2nd Edition, Ch. 11, pp. 445-595, 2013.
[28] P. Gharbani, S.M. Tabatabaii, A. Mehrizad, ―Removal of congo red from textile wastewater by ozonation,‖ International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology, Vol.5, pp.495-500, 2008. [29] lN.H.Ince,G.Tezcanh, ―Treatability of textile dye-bath effluents by advanced oxidation: Preparation for reuse,‖ Water Science & Technology, Vol.40, pp.183-190, 1999.
[30] N.M. Mokhtar, W.J. Lau, A.F. Ismail, W. Youravong, W. Khongnakorn, K. Lertwittayanon, ―Performance evaluation of novel PVDF–Cloisite 15A hollow fiber composite membranes for treatment of effluents containing dyes and salts using membrane distillation,‖ RSC Advances, Vol. 5 ,pp. 38011-38020, 2015.
[31] E. Curcio, E. Drioli, ―Membrane distillation and related operations—a review,‖ Separation and Purification Reviews, Vol.34. pp. 35-86, 2005.