Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Electromechanical Engineering Dept, University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a Street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.

Abstract

Connecting the devices to the internet based on the internet of things IoT increases the capability of monitoring and measuring, and controlling essential variables. In this study, the radiation intensity was controlled via the internet of things IoT for PTSC to study the collector's behavior.  The light control circuit was designed, built, and implemented. The circuit mainly consists of a power supply, Arduino, relay, and potentiometer. Radiation was successfully monitored using a sensor and displayed through a smartphone via Wi-Fi, and the intensity of radiation light controls the PCM status. A data logging system was applied using a micro SD in a smartphone card and Arduino Node-MCU as a microcontroller. The experimental results show the relationship between solar radiation and resistance change. Inversely, the maximum radiation found from this work was 780 W/m2 with 74 k Ω resistance, and the minimum radiation was 300 W/m2 with 170 k Ω resistance. The output power changes directly through solar radiation, which means the power output with maximum solar radiation will be 3018 W. Using IoT Technology reduces efforts of long-time monitoring during the experiment (many hours).

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

  • The radiation intensity was controlled via the Internet of Things.
  • The Internet of Things was used to overcome the limitation of distance.
  • The Internet of Things was used to reduce efforts of long-time monitoring.

Keywords

Main Subjects

[1] K. K Patel, S. M. Patel, Internet of things-iot: definition, characteristics, architecture, enabling technologies, application & future challenge, Internet Las COSAS. ) 62016). DOI 10.4010/2016.1482
[2] S. K. N. & R. S. Balaji, IoT Technology, Applications and Challenges: Contemporary Survey, Wirel. Pers. Commun. 108 (2019) 363-388. DOI:10.1007/S11277-019-06407-W
[3] A. Coccia, Gianluca, Di Nicola, Giovanni, Hidalgo, Parabolic Trough Collector Prototypes for Low-Temperature Process Heat, SpringerBriefs Appl. Sci. and Technology. 2016.
[4] S. C. M. Ranhotigamage, Chagitha, Field trials and performance monitoring of distributed solar panels using a low-cost wireless sensors network for domestic applications, IEEE Sensors. 11 (2011) 2583-2590.‏ DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2011.2150214
[5] N. EI Gharbi, H.Derhai, S. Bouaichaoui, and N. SaidA Comparative Study between Parabolic trough collector ansd Linear Frensnel reflector technologies, Energy Procedia. 6 (2011) 585-572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.egypro.2011.05.065
[6] M. Günther, Advanced csp teaching materials - Chapter 6 Linear Fresnel Technologyenergyscience, 2014.
[7] V. G. G. Ungurean, Ioan, Nicoleta-Cristina Gaitan, An IoT architecture for things from industrial environment., 10th Int. Conf. Commun. (2014) 1-4. DOI: 10.1109/ICComm.2014.6866713
[8] X. Vilajosana, OpenMote: Open-source prototyping platform for the industrial IoT, Int. Conf. Ad Hoc Networks,. (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25067-0_17
[9] G. Margelis, Low throughput networks for the IoT: Lessons learned from industrial implementations, 2nd world forum internet things. (2015) 181-186. https://doi.org/10.1109/WF-IoT.2015.7389049
[10] A. M. Al-Fuqaha A, Guizani M, Mohammadi M, Aledhari M, Internet of things: a survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications, IEEE Commun Surv Tutor. 17(2015) 2347-2376. DOI: 10.1109/COMST.2015.2444095
[11] S. Adhya, An IoT based smart solar photovoltaic remote monitoring and control unit, 2nd Int. Conf. Control. instrumentation, energy Commun. (2016) 432-436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/CIEC.2016.7513793
[12] D. K. Rath, Arduino based: Smart light control system. Int. J. Eng. Res. Gen. Sci. 2016.
[13] P. V. Primiceri, Patrizio, Solar-powered LED-based lighting facilities: an overview on recent technologies and embedded IoT devices to obtain wireless control, energy savings and quick maintenance. J. Eng. Appl. Sci.12( 2017)140-150.
[14] C. Vargas, Photovoltaic lighting system with intelligent control based on ZigBee and arduino, International Journal of Renewable Energy Research. 7 (2017). https://doi.org/10.20508/ijrer.v7i1.5335.g6981
[15] L. Y. X. and L. Y. J. Liu C X, Fang J J, The field terrain recognition based on extreme learning machine using wavelet features, Int. Conf. Mechatronics Autom.( 2017) 1947-1951. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMA.2017.8016116
[16] J. Haxhibeqiri, J.; Abeele, F.V.D.; Moerman, I.; Hoebeke, LoRa scalability: A simulation model based on interference measurements. Sensors, Sensors, Academic Editor. Leonard M. Reindl. 17 ( 2017) 1193. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17061193
[17] S. Badave PM, Karthikeyan B, Badave SM, Mahajan SB and G. G. P, Health monitoring system of solar photovoltaic panel: an internet of things application. In: Advances in smart grid and renewable energy. (2018) 347 - 355. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4286-7_34.
[18] W. H. A. Reem Jafar Ismail, Samar Jaafar Ismael, Energy Management in Wireless Sensor Networks for Internet of Things Applications, Cihan Univ. Sci. J. 3 (2019) 48-52.https://doi.org/10.24086
[19] R. D. K. Taqwa, Ahmad, IoT Technology Monitoring, Controlling and Data Logging for ATS on Grid Connected Solar-Wind Hybrid System. J. Phys. Conf. Ser.  1167 (2019). doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1167/1/012021
[20] Ali, Shrooq Jomaa, Jalal M. Jalil, Radiation Control of Halogen Lamps Falling on Double Pass Solar Air Heater, m1 IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 1094 (2021) http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1094/1/012021
[21] E. Carmelon, Technical Explanation for Solid-state Relays,  IEEE. 3(2014).
[22] P. R. Egli, MQTT - An introduction to MQTT, a protocol for M2M and IoT.(2017). doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.13210.54721