Engineering and Technology Journal

The paper aims to critically review the learning styles and teaching methods of engineering curricula and to compare it with the requirements of engineering profession. Present engineers need to response effectively to the increasingly complex systems. The engineer has to deal with vector and scaler quantities, complex numbers, imaginary parts, electromagnetic fields, and complex constructions are designed and implemented in 3-Dimensions environment. This should be reflected in engineering education styles, where lecturers try to convey many aspects of complex systems. The purpose of engineering education is that to graduate engineers who can design and solve technical problems, and that design thinking is incremental and needs several skills. To be successful, engineers must have knowledge that goes beyond theories. However, problem solving is no longer the only essential skill required by the engineer. Rather, project-based thinking and team work skills are fundamental in practice. The paper briefly illustrates advantages and disadvantages of each learning styles considering the educational environment. Moreover, the currently most-favoured pedagogical model for teaching design, Project-Based learning (PjBL) along with the Problem-Based Learning (PbBL) is explored in this paper and its assessment criteria.

This study introduces an application of using Process Capability Index as an approach in evaluating the teaching process. The goal of the study is to build and represent a measure to the effectiveness of teaching process and its impact on the learning level of students. Two groups of students in AL- Mustaqbal University Colledge are taken as a sample. Many quizzes (short exams) were done with each group and their scores were recorded. A statistical analysis is made and the process capabilities are calculated. Results shows that this control technique was effective in improving scores of students and hence the learning level of them .The impact of teaching process on the learning level of a group of students can be represented by two aspects first of them is how far the average score from the target put by the teacher and the second is the range of diversion of these scores about the target value. There are many ways to investigate the learning level of students but the scores gained in consequent exams still be the more direct and representative way. Therefore, this study takes scores as a distinct variable to monitor the process.

The great development in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) moved the education reality to a new horizon, where the internet touches almost all aspects of digital learning, we are currently experiencing the existence of electronic platforms in  large extent, especially in the field of electronic learning (E-learning), The existence of these platforms stems from the importance of education in general and the importance of transferring the educational process to electronic areas to facilitate learning, in particular, This research aims to target the problems experienced by e-learning in Iraq and offer some recommendations that may contribute to reducing this delay to promote educational reality. An electronic questionnaire was published for students and teaching staff, in which 30 questions was asked. The number of samples participating in the questionnaire was 100 Professors, students, and teachers. Results of the questionnaire showed that they have fully sentient of the essential implementation of electronic learning and its delay reasons.

A hydrogeologic study has been adopted to conceptualize the concepts of groundwater levels lowering in swamped area of Tyass, middle of Iraq. 2D dimensional groundwater model and, mitigation model have been used to mitigate the aquifer against high salinity and chemical pollutants by the mitigation theory of heterogeneous subsurface media which basically depends upon physical and mathematical derivation, evaluation of chemical pollutants and total dissolved salts (TDS) of subsurface water before and after mitigation process. The water table level was lowered up to 2.43m at the center of a pumping well of abstraction discharge (400m3/day) obtained after 2755days in steady state. The ions concentrations of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), mercury (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and TDS in groundwater of 0.4, 3.25, 1.15, 0.004, 0.033 mg/liter and 7000ppm respectively were reduced to less than the allowable limits according to WHO of 0.3, 3, 1, 0.003, 0.01mg/liter, 1200ppm respectively by adding 0.2WD of fresh water from Hillah river and using maximum no. of pumping wells of (19 at April) after 240 months. The mitigation period was reduced to 120 months when the addition of solvent volume was doubled. Mitigation process in heterogeneous against high saline levels and chemical pollutants has been proven to be a good tool to rehabilitation of polluted aquifers.

Engineering education is often described as being constructivist, suggesting that learning involves constructing an understanding of several components. There is a commonly used series of levels of learning. It is most frequently presented in terms of six levels of understanding. Every learner has to follow these levels. However, the impact of these levels may vary from one learner to another. This paper study the impact of one different level of Engineering Education (EE) on the different background of learners. Furthermore, it investigates the problems that face EE in Iraq and offers several solutions. This work is the first step to a wider investigation of the EE problems and solutions in Iraq.

An instructional program has been prepared depending on instructional design concepts to present concepts and information of an engineering system. The design and construction of an instructional program have done by using analysis design implementation and evaluation (ADDIE) instructional model. It is used for simulation the designing of engineering system using modern and intelligent controller technique. The simulation design was dependent on new methodology is named software cycle method. To achieve the aims from the program a questionnaire is prepared to evaluate the program by a number of experts and beneficiary groups. The result of the questionnaire is used as a feedback process. A development is done to achieve the link between two different techniques. Designing instructional program under windows to be used by designer engineers and students may help to learn the design steps for modern technique and intelligent technique.

Constructing and testing the syllabus for experimental laboratory for Biomedical Engineering needs a lot of practical experiences and skills. Especially with the huge challenges and changes happened worldwide in this field of study. The present study discusses the available materials and directions presented up-to-date in the syllabus of the Biomedical Instrumentation Lab (BMIL), and suggest a new hybrid improvement depends on the real requirement for the educational output for the next few years. The object behind this suggestion is to close the gap between the academic university study and the real medical device market, making use the complementary between the governmental and private sector capabilities

The study examined the effect of application of the problem-based learning method of teaching engineering students in the Department of Petroleum Technology compared to traditional teaching methods (lecture). The problem-based learning method involved a number of assessments and exams that students individually and collectively performed. The study investigates the first class students of petroleum technology department of two subjects which are the calculus and engineering practice subjects. The study is use the statistical calculations to compare between applying the problem based learning and tradition method “lecture method” in engineering education, and taking into consideration the individual differences between students to communicate knowledge. The study use d statistical equations to calculate the standard deviation and variance using in determining the effectiveness of the application of the BPL method compared to the lecture method in the educational field. The results show the ratio of standard deviation in the lecture method compared to the PBL method is equal to (58.2%) in the theoretical exam, noting that the degree of evaluation of the theoretical exam in the lecture is (35%) while in the PBL method it is (20%), It means the error rate in the accuracy of the student's assessment be greater in traditional method.

In this paper, the flipped class strategy has been designed for electromechanical devices lessons. As a first step towards flipping the classroom two lessons are selected from the curriculum common. Delivering lecture content of selected topics before coming to class through notes and other media has been done, while the class time is effectively engaged in high-level thinking. The first step is to try to create the required educational materials to provide content related to topics outside of classroom environment. The second step is to design effective learning strategies for Problem Solving. JIGSAW method has been used for the in the classroom activity. The second step is to design effective learning strategies for Problem Solving. JIGSAW method has been used for the in the classroom activity. Presently, there are limited researches on the effect of the flipped classroom model of Engineering Education. A course such as electromechanical devices that covers problem-solving and design aspects, demands time for teaching the concepts in an effective and efficient way and can be better taught through the use of the flipped classroom approach. This work will be useful for faculty members in other Engineering departments.
 

The importance of the management and implementation of graduation projects lies in the fact that this activity constitutes one of the main pillars of the undergraduate academic curricula in most scientific or literary disciplines. In engineering studies, for example, the weight of the graduation project within the curriculum is estimated at 25% for the year of graduation and about 8% of the total weight of the first university degree in most universities in the developed countries. In this context, this paper suggests specific steps for conducting this work and the allocation of responsibilities in the management of this scientific activity. The paper also suggests a number of recommendations, to be included within the curricula of undergraduate engineering disciplines in the public and private engineering colleges.
 

The opportunity of teaching engineers is not easy as everybody thinks for many reasons, some of these issues are related to the students' disappointment as a result of getting the engineering field and the other one related to lack of available knowledge about the role of engineers in improving and developing the life quality and the country overall. So, this paper will focus the light on the main issues and challenges that face the engineering education, with the possible solutions in order to reduce the unemployment and expelled from the job due to the lack of experience or lack the communications with other team members. Also, this paper explains how and when could apply each solution separately.

Student outcomes attainment represents the core of the ABET accreditation. In this paper, a details of the four years’ work in Energy and Renewable Energy Program in Electromechanical Engineering Department in University of Technology was demonstrated, concentrating on the process of student outcomes attainment measurement. The attainment of student outcomes represents a challenge in all programs in Iraqi Universities. The process monitored by ABET Foundation expertise through IREX and they approved that the process reached right route although the degree of attainment needs more work in the coming years to reach accreditation level.

Engineering drawing is one of the most significant lessons of sensory perception, which possesses unique characteristics change engineering drawing to technical by transforming ideas into drawn lines that are easily conceptualized, and then turning them into buildings, equipment and projects, These comprehensible to everyone and are easy to carry, transport and line deliver to anyone who is paying attention in this scientific are field. Engineering Drawing is built on simple scientific rules and principles. Its concepts have been discussed in this research to be defined as a global language called the Language of the Engineer. It has been demonstrated that increasing the training hours in engineering drawing can lead to an increase in the student's skill in understanding and applying the concepts of the subject of engineering drawing for the majority of the students who were surveyed in this study. In this study, the relationship between engineering drawing and engineering education is discussed in depth. In which freshman students who are currently studying engineering drawing in the department of chemical engineering have be taken as tools for this study and their scores have been studied and compared with other lessons that are included the drawing in their constituents. The results showed the extent of the close correlation between the students' marks obtained in the engineering drawing and their impact on the marks in the other engineering subjects they study.

The laboratory training is one of the most important methods of the distinctive and fundamental role that stimulate the skills of creative scientific thinking and develop deductive and critical thinking to cope with the scientific developments and technological progress in the world. Therefore, it has been found that many researchers conducted at different levels of learners pointed to the importance of the inclusion of this type of teaching methods, Which makes the learner in direct contact with the artificial environment simulates what is happening in the laboratories and factories and areas of work related to their competence after graduation, which leads the student to be able to link the theoretical information received in the theoretical lesson with the information in the scientific laboratory. In this statistical work has been conducted for two categories of students, the first category was subjected to the experiment of scientific laboratories) scientific laboratories (to support the theoretical approach, and the second category is students who have been absent or not attended scientific laboratories so they did not acquire the skills of applied scientific work .it was found that clear differences between the two categories, where the first group responded positively to the theoretical test and a higher success rate compared to the second category. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the scientific laboratory (specifically the experimental laboratory) on the academic performance of undergraduate students (junior and senior) of the Chemical Engineering Department at the University of Technology in Baghdad, For the academic year 2017-2018. The number of students ranged from 24 to 26 students.

Graduation projects are the final product of what university students have acquired from the sciences and knowledge during their academic period of study during the academic years, which range in most Iraqi universities between 4 to 5 years in engineering colleges. In the last year during which the student to implement the engineering graduation project, which begins by choosing the subject or problem that will be dealt with as a research title and ends with the development of all stages of implementation. And the importance of graduation projects for students of engineering departments to study the bachelor's degree and the role it plays in participating effectively to achieve the goals of development and development of Iraq during this period, which suffers from many problems and most important infrastructure and urban planning, Based on the importance of these projects and the need to guide them to solve the real problems in the Iraqi society in government departments and institutions and the private and private sector, this study has been prepared to include the rules of management of the methods of implementing graduation projects in the engineering departments and assess their relevance to the objectives of development plans and advancement of Iraq, to benefit from the results of those projects. The methodology of this study was based on the collection, analysis and discussion of the information on academic and office methods and linking them to the opinions of the applied engineers in the field of work, in addition to many experiences and studies of neighboring countries and countries  of  the  world  from  previous  literature,  which  included  articles,research  and  scientific  reports  as  well  as  a  questionnaire  to  collect  the  most important proposals for preparing And the development of administrative rules at  the  academic  and  practical  levels  to  ensure  successful  implementation  and evaluation to achievethe desired results.During this research, a detailed list of the method of implementation of the project from the beginning of the selection of  the  address  until  the  final  delivery  and  completion  of  the  requirements  and included  the  study  forms  in  all  aspects  of  implementation  and  the  writing system in all its details.In terms of evaluation of graduation projects,  there is no  fixed  standards  for  all  departments  in  engineering  colleges  as  well  as  the division of the degree of the project, but depends on the opinion of the scientific committee and the project committee ineach section in the way of evaluation of the  graduation  project  and  division  of  degree  between  the  supervisor  and  the discussion committee. In the previous research, standard and standard criteria for evaluation were established by the supervisor and the discussion committee, which ensures the right of the student to obtain the degree that he deserves and which should be circulated to all departments in all faculties in Iraq.

The presence of ethical conduct within university institutions promote positive attitude among employees these institutions also provide them with a reference to which they revert to determine what is the proper conduct. The commitment to compliance with the ethics of engineering education is a definite indication of the degree of pertinence to the profession. That ethical conduct in universities is one of the superiority standards as well as in the guidelines of granting reliability for university institutions. In this research we discussed how to educate engineering students about work ethics by deliberating the importance of considering work ethics subject with the engineering courses in several ways. This research as well presents the role of university professor and the significance of being a role model in work ethics to be the main source for students to teach them the anticipated ethics through him/her. Particularly with the rapid changes in various fields of life which led to the emergence new challenges that the community has never faced previously. The present research implicated field study through a questionnaire that a group of university engineering professors participated in which included a questionnaire form with questions about key objectives, principles and foundations that should be incorporated into the ethical program of engineering students.

Due to the combination of the current conditions of globalization and digitization, the social and economic horizons of the world, and the mixing of technical, economic and societal cultures, many challenges appeared and force referred to modifying the syllabuses and methods of introducing engineering education as a response to changes in student attitudes and low student performance as well as the spread of computers and information technology. In this research we are showing a number of these challenges and some it details to put some of the imbalances with some of the recommendations that would contribute even if it formed a part of the solution, treatment and evaluation.

Accreditation has been adopted in the system of credit hours in all international universities and most of the Arab universities because it is characterized by the consolidation of the principle of education and learning by adapting to the ability of the learner to accept the information while maintaining the level of scientific probity. However, few countries, including Iraq, have not adopted this type of education system. This paper presents a brief overview of the system of credit hours and the diagnosis of some of the problems facing education in Iraq at the present time, which rely on the old education systems represented by the annual and quarterly education system, and to develop solutions to those problems by relying on the teaching hour’s system.

The research aims at identifying the means of developing communication between the engineering colleges and the labor market by studying the many scientific sources, the previous studies and the working papers of a number of conferences, seminars, and workshops related to the research topic. Strengthened the relationship between engineering colleges and the labor market. The research adopted a descriptive method. The current research confirmed the adoption of the modern model of the advanced countries of the world in enhancing communication between the engineering colleges and the labor market, which is based on the integrated vision based on partnership. The research came out with a number of recommendations and suggestions.