Research Paper
Effect of the Slenderness Ratio of Piles on Ultimate Lateral Resistance in Sandy Soil
Effect of the Slenderness Ratio of Piles on Ultimate Lateral Resistance in Sandy Soil

Iman A. Ali; Saad F. Abbas; Karim H. Ibrahim

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1740-1747

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.105

Abstract
  This research presents the results of 14 tests, where the pile is subjected to static lateral loads. The tests are carried out on pile models with different length / diameter ratios ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Effect of Dynamic Earth Vibration on the Behavior of Laterally Loaded Single Pile Embedded within Unsaturated Soil
Effect of Dynamic Earth Vibration on the Behavior of Laterally Loaded Single Pile Embedded within Unsaturated Soil

Maha H. Abood; Mahmood R. Mahmood; Nahla M. Salim

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1748-1752

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.508

Abstract
  Most of the studies of laterally loaded piles focused on the behavior for piles subjected to static or cyclic lateral loading embedded within dry or saturated soils, few studies investigate ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Consistency Characteristics of Dispersive Clays
Consistency Characteristics of Dispersive Clays

Roaa H. Ismael; Mohammed Y. Fattah; Mohammad F. Aswad

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1753-1759

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1650

Abstract
  Dispersive soils are characterized by three features: (1) unstable structure, (2) they are readily flocculate in water, and (3) very erodible. The use of dispersed clay soils in hydraulic ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Dynamic Behavior of Pavement Layers on Sand Subgrade
Dynamic Behavior of Pavement Layers on Sand Subgrade

Mariam M. Hussein; Mohammed Y. Fattah; Miami M. Hilal

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1760-1770

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1770

Abstract
  Reinforcement interlayer reduces the development of cracks in the asphalt overlay by absorbing the stresses induced by heavy traffic or underlying cracking in the early-constructed ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Effect of adding additional Carbon Fiber on Piezoresistive Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pavements under Impact Load
Effect of adding additional Carbon Fiber on Piezoresistive Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pavements under Impact Load

Ayad K. Mohammed; Ali Majeed Al-Dahawi; Qais S. Banyhussan S. Banyhussan

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1771-1780

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1942

Abstract
  Multifunctional Cementitious Composite (MCC) characteristics are directly related to the type and dosage of the Electrically Conductive Materials (ECMs) reinforcing the relevant concrete ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Mechanical Properties Prediction of Normal and High Strength Geopolymer Concrete
Mechanical Properties Prediction of Normal and High Strength Geopolymer Concrete

Sameh B. Tobeia; Nada S. Assi; Narjis S. Abbas

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1781-1788

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1984

Abstract
  The production process of cement is the main binder material in concrete usually accompanied by carbon dioxide emission. Therefore, geopolymer concrete (GPC) an alternative binder material ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
The Role of Granular Cushion in Load Sharing of Unconnected Piled Rafts in Clayey Soils
The Role of Granular Cushion in Load Sharing of Unconnected Piled Rafts in Clayey Soils

Karam R. Khalifa; Mohammed Y. Fattah; Nahla M. Salim

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1789-1796

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2076

Abstract
  Over the past few decades,  interest has grown about the role of the piled raft structure in soils. A structural fill cushion separates the piles from the raft in the form of an ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Effect of Starch Powder on Behavior of Silica Fume Biopolymer Concrete
Effect of Starch Powder on Behavior of Silica Fume Biopolymer Concrete

Samir M. Atia; Waleed A. Abbas

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1797-1805

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2103

Abstract
  The great economic development and the growth of modern means of construction have led to the spread of large quantities of chemical admixtures that we must be cautious of. As the world ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
The Effect Of Mobile Phone Use While Driving On Response Time: Driving Simulator Study
The Effect Of Mobile Phone Use While Driving On Response Time: Driving Simulator Study

Hussein S. Mutar; Ahmed S. Abduljabbar; Ammar A. Mohammed

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1806-1813

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2132

Abstract
  Mobile phone use is one of the most common daily tasks and this is normal, however, this task could be problematic while driving. The use of mobile phones while driving has become a ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Effect of Adding Polypropylene Fibers in Met kaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete
Effect of Adding Polypropylene Fibers in Met kaolin-Based Geopolymer Concrete

Qais J. Frieh; Mushtaq H. Kamil

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1814-1820

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2224

Abstract
  Geopolymer is a binder material that was created as a result of efforts to decrease Portland cement's negative environmental effects.  Geopolymer concrete shares certain properties ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Effect of Inclination of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Short Columns on the Confinement
Effect of Inclination of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Short Columns on the Confinement

Eyad K. Sayhood; Bassman R. Muhammed; Ahmed A. Hatem

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1821-1827

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.437

Abstract
  The main objective of this paper is to study the confinement of the rectangular reinforced concrete short inclined columns. This paper was based on theoretical analysis using the MATLAB ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Preparing WorldView2 Imagery for Map Updating Projects – Aldjyl/ Aleibayiji (Iraq/ North Baghdad) as a Case Study
Preparing WorldView2 Imagery for Map Updating Projects – Aldjyl/ Aleibayiji (Iraq/ North Baghdad) as a Case Study

Oday Z. Jasim; Mohammed M. Salih; Ahmed A. Luaibi

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1828-1836

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1499

Abstract
  In the presented study, a WorldView2 WV2 satellite image has been prepared to be used in map updating projects. The performed operations can be classified into two categories, the first ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
The Evaluation of Rental Amount of Religious Endowments by Using Geomatic Techniques and Machine Learning Algorithms Hilla/ Iraq
The Evaluation of Rental Amount of Religious Endowments by Using Geomatic Techniques and Machine Learning Algorithms Hilla/ Iraq

Oday, Z. Jasim; Mohammed Mejbel; Ali Hashim

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1837-1850

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2111

Abstract
  The religious endowments are one of the important sources, which acquire historical, cultural, and economic importance in all countries of the world. In particular, a religious endowment ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Assessing the Effect of Eating as a Distraction Factor While Driving on Drivers' Performance
Assessing the Effect of Eating as a Distraction Factor While Driving on Drivers' Performance

Zinah A. Saihood; Ahmed S. Abdul Jabbar; Rasha H. Al-Rubaee

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1851-1859

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2133

Abstract
  The increase in the number of traffic accidents, deaths, and injuries is a major concern for traffic and safety professionals. Distraction from the road is common, but increases safety ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Mitigation of the Factors Affecting the Autogenous Shrinkage of Ultra-High Performance Concrete
Mitigation of the Factors Affecting the Autogenous Shrinkage of Ultra-High Performance Concrete

Adil M. Jabbar; Mohammed J. Hamood; Dhiyaa H. Mohammed

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1860-1868

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2155

Abstract
  Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a new generation of concrete characterized by its high strength, high durability, and high stiffness. Autogenously shrinkage represents one ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Optimum Steel Fiber Content of High Strength Pozzolime Concrete
Optimum Steel Fiber Content of High Strength Pozzolime Concrete

Sabreen M. Hamza; Ahmed Sh. J. Al-Zuheriy; Sabreen M. Hamza

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1869-1874

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2213

Abstract
  Pozzolime is a promising alternative binder, compared to Portland cement because of its low CO2 emission. it is produced by mixing hydrated lime, silica fume, and fly ash. Fiber is ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Effect of Steel Fiber Content on Properties of Fresh Self-compacting Geopolymer Concrete
Effect of Steel Fiber Content on Properties of Fresh Self-compacting Geopolymer Concrete

Zaid A. Mohammed; Tareq S. Al-Attar; Basil S. Al-Shathr

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1875-1881

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2295

Abstract
  Self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGPC) is a cutting-edge sustainable engineering material in construction that eliminates the need for both compaction and Portland cement. In this ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Water Flow Simulation of Tigris River Between Samara and Baghdad Based on HEC-RAS Model
Water Flow Simulation of Tigris River Between Samara and Baghdad Based on HEC-RAS Model

Imzahim Alwan; Zahraa Majeed; Ali S. Abbas

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1882-1893

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1804

Abstract
  This work aims to use the digital elevation model (DEM) or 3-Dimensional surface to model and analyze the water flow in the Tigris River. The first stage of this study is based on filed ...  Read More ...
Review Paper
A Review About Preparation and Properties of Biochar and Application Fields in the Environment
A Review About Preparation and Properties of Biochar and Application Fields in the Environment

Marwa Al Rawi; Ghayda Al Kindi; Jwad K. Al Refaae

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1894-1904

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1996

Abstract
  Biomass’ pyrolysis process is responsible for producing the biochar charcoal, this process does not incorporate the oxygen, and it is utilized as a soil enhancer for each one ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Assessment of Electricity Sector Using Geomatics Techniques: (Ramadi City as a Case Study)
Assessment of Electricity Sector Using Geomatics Techniques: (Ramadi City as a Case Study)

Hisham M. Jawad Al-Sharaa

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1905-1910

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2035

Abstract
  Geomatics involves the collection, management, integration, representation, analysis, modeling and display of geographically referenced information describing both the Earth’s ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Comparison between Theoretical and Experimental Behavior of Shallow Foundation in Cohesive Soil
Comparison between Theoretical and Experimental Behavior of Shallow Foundation in Cohesive Soil

Baraa A. Al-Dawoodi; Mohaned Q. Waheed; Falah H. Rahil

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1911-1918

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2124

Abstract
  This paper discusses a finite element analysis of shallow footing subjected to axial loading rested on different types of cohesive soil by using a computer program called PLAXIS-3D ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Assessing the Effect of Lack of Sleep on Driver's Performance: A Simulator Study
Assessing the Effect of Lack of Sleep on Driver's Performance: A Simulator Study

Ali Muneer; Ahmed S. Abduljabbar; Ali Majeed Al-Dahwi

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1919-1926

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2129

Abstract
  Science evidence suggests that fatigue due to lack of sleep is a major cause of most traffic accidents. Fatigue can arise when people do not get enough sleep, which is at least 7 hours, ...  Read More ...
Review Paper
A Review of Composite Steel Plate Girders with Corrugated Webs
A Review of Composite Steel Plate Girders with Corrugated Webs

Ghazwan Ghanim; Wael S. Baldawi; Ammar A. Ali

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1927-1938

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2193

Abstract
  A corrugated steel plate girder is a vastly used structural element in numerous fields of application due to its many favorable characteristics. A corrugated web girder, the bending ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater by carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater by carbon nanotubes (CNTs)

Waleed M. Frayyeh; Zainab B. Mohammed; Abdulkhaleq K. Mahmood

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1939-1944

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.789

Abstract
  This work is an attempt to remove cadmium (II) from wastewater by adsorption on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and functional group of carbon nanotubes (fMWCNTs) by using the ...  Read More ...
Effect of Recycled Aggregate on Behavior of Tied and Spiral Reinforced Fibrous Circular Short Columns
Effect of Recycled Aggregate on Behavior of Tied and Spiral Reinforced Fibrous Circular Short Columns

Eyad K. Sayhood; Mohammed A.E. Al-Hamdani; Jabbar K. Sahan

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1945-1952

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.965

Abstract
  This study focuses on studying the behavior of fibrous circular short columns (tied and spirally reinforced) using recycled coarse aggregate (f'c, ft, Ec, and fr) by using recycled ...  Read More ...
Computation of Climatic Water Balance of AL-Sulaymania Meteorological Station for the Period 1980-2016, Kurdistan Region, Northeast of Iraq
Computation of Climatic Water Balance of AL-Sulaymania Meteorological Station for the Period 1980-2016, Kurdistan Region, Northeast of Iraq

Muayad M. Ismail; Faaeza A. Abd-Ulkareem; Tariq Abed Hussain

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1952-1959

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1553

Abstract
  AL-Sulaymania city is located in the northeast of Iraq at an altitude of 845 m from the sea levelbetween longitudes (44 30 00 – 46 20 00) east and latitudes (34 33 00- 36 30 00) ...  Read More ...
Size Effect on The Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams
Size Effect on The Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams

Hind T. Jaber; Kaiss F. Sarsam; Bassman R. Muhammad

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1960-1976

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.2283

Abstract
  According to research, as the depth of a beam increases, the section's shear strength can be expected to decrease. The size effect is a phrase that has been used to describe this tendency. ...  Read More ...
Research Paper
Modeling of Air-Water Filled Rubber Dam Under Hydrostatic Conditions
Modeling of Air-Water Filled Rubber Dam Under Hydrostatic Conditions

Qusay S. Khaleel; Thair S. Khayyun; Khudhayer N. Abdullah

Volume 39, Issue 12 , December 2021, Page 1976-1987

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.v39i12.1968

Abstract
  Inflatable dams, also called rubber dams, are flexible cylindrical inflatable and deflatable structures attached to a rigid base; these dams are basically cylindrical tubes made of ...  Read More ...