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Keywords

Heavy alcohols, SI engine, Performance, Noise, Exhaust emissions

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Future studies offer many solutions to reduce problems from internal combustion engines; one is the use of blended fuels containing alcohols. This research aimed to investigate the effect of blending Iraqi regular gasoline with heavy alcohols, such as 1-butanol and 1-octanol, by conducting experiments on a 4-cylinder spark-ignition (SI) engine. The first goal is to prepare a blended gasoline consisting of 88% regular gasoline, 6% 1-butanol, and 6% 1-octanol by mass, and to use it for thermal analysis of engine operation. This work fills a gap by experimentally evaluating a mixed mid- and long-chain alcohol blend (1-butanol/1-octanol) with gasoline, an area with limited prior data. Results show that blended regular gasoline (B06O06) significantly affects engine performance. B06O06, compared to base fuel, showed higher brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), with an 8% increase at low load and a 13% increase at high load on average. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased by 3% at low load and 5% at high load. The noise of B06O06 was moderate at both high and low loads. Overall sound pressure level (OASPL) decreased 8% at 1500 rpm, increased 2% at 2100 rpm, and remained unchanged compared to regular gasoline. At high load, the distribution matched that of low load but decreased 1.5% as engine speed increased. Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions dropped by about 34% at low load and 11.5% at high load, with an average reduction across engine speeds. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions decreased with both load and speed: at low load, NOx dropped by 30% at high engine speeds and by 20% at low engine speeds. At high load, reductions were 20% at high engine speeds and 25% at low engine speeds. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and unburned hydrocarbons (HC) did not increase significantly, remaining nearly constant compared to regular gasoline. Previous studies show that the 1-butanol/1-octanol blend offers a better balance between gasoline solubility and high-octane number. It also reduces hydrocarbon emissions, making it a promising alternative fuel that reduces environmental impact.

DOI

10.30684/2412-0758.1579

First Page

217

Last Page

239

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