Groundwater Quality Mapping and Physicochemical Analysis in Badra District, Wasit Governorate, Iraq

Abbas J. Kadhem, Environmental Research Center, University of Technology- Iraq, Alsina'a Street, 10066 Baghdad, IraqFollow
Zahraa Zahrow, Environmental Research Center, University of Technology- Iraq, Alsina'a Street, 10066 Baghdad, IraqFollow
Muwafaq H. Al Lami, College of Mechanical Engineering, University of Technology- Iraq, Alsina'a Street, 10066 Baghdad, IraqFollow
Moayed N. Muslim, Environmental Research Center, University of Technology- Iraq, Alsina'a Street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq

Keywords

Groundwater, IWQI, GIS, Wasit, Physicochemical analysis

Document Type

Article

Abstract

The scarcity of water is a pressing issue in the semi-arid zone, largely due to climate change and the limited water resources available in the country. Groundwater is one of the subsurface sources of water during the arid seasons in Iraq. This study aims to evaluate the quality of groundwater in the Badra district, Wasit governorate. Twenty-four wells were selected, and three methods were used to analyze the water quality. Starting with the water quality index, which is a test of four subindices (salinity hazard, permeability risk, ion toxicity, and miscellaneous effects on sensitive groups). Then, the spatial distribution map showed the distribution of physicochemical characterization along the study area. Finally, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to evaluate the normal distributions of parameters. The results showed that the water quality is unsuitable for irrigation according to the water quality index, as all IWQI values are less than 22, indicating unsuitability for irrigation. The physicochemical maps gave an idea about the distribution of pollutants. The statistical test showed some parameters, such as EC, TDS, and NO3, exhibit non-normal distribution (p < 0.05). This research highlights the crucial need for groundwater management and remediation.

Recommended Citation

Kadhem, Abbas J.; Zahrow, Zahraa; Lami, Muwafaq H. Al; and Muslim, Moayed N. (2026) "Groundwater Quality Mapping and Physicochemical Analysis in Badra District, Wasit Governorate, Iraq," Engineering and Technology Journal: Vol. 44: Iss. 9, Article 3.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.30684/2412-0758.1581

DOI

10.30684/2412-0758.1581

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