Engineering and Technology Journal

The Impact of Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) Process Parameters on the Microhardness of Stainless Steel SUS420 Bubble Cups

Athraa M. Salih Ahmed; Saad K. Shather

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 03 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142890.1563

Abstract

The optimal performance of bubble cups relies on achieving the appropriate surface quality, a common requirement in various industrial applications. The effectiveness of the Magnetic ... Read More ...

Experimental and Multi-Optimization Investigation of Machining (X210) Alloy Steel Using Angled EDM Electrodes

Ahmed M. Abbas; Ali Abbar Khleif

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 03 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143826.1612

Abstract

Electrical Discharging Machining (EDM) offers broad capabilities that allow it to be used in the manufacturing, automotive, and aviation industries, as well as practically all disciplines ... Read More ...

Cold sintering process of hydroxyapatite derived from natural bone and co-precipitation method: a comparative study

Hawraa O. Abbas; Hanaa A. Smeig; Zuhair J. Abdul Ameer

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 07 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143947.1617

Abstract

This study uses a novel sintering technique at very low temperatures (below 300°C) named the Cold Sintering Process to produce highly dense Hydroxyapatite (HA) samples. Nano hydroxyapatite ... Read More ...

Antibacterial improvement with multilayer of bio-composite coatings produced by electrophoretic deposition

Noor A AL-Ali; Makarim H. Abdulkareem; Iman A. Anoon

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 08 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143475.1588

Abstract

In this study, multi-structured coatings of biocompatible and antibacterial materials on a 316L stainless steel (SS) implant have been electrophoretically deposited for orthopedic applications. ... Read More ...

Design and manufacturing of custom 3D printed bone implants

Zaineb H. Neamah; Luma A. Al-Kindi; Ghassan Al-Kindi

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 09 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143788.1609

Abstract

In medical surgery, a customized implant is often required to meet surgical requirements, especially in cases with complicated or traumatic deformities. The emerging techniques of additive ... Read More ... In medical surgery, a customized implant is often required to meet surgical requirements, especially in cases with complicated or traumatic deformities. The emerging techniques of additive manufacturing, e.g., 3D printing, may help provide a quick response to such needs, provided that a valid approach capturing required implant shape data is generated and processed to better suit 3D printing. Different materials, including biocompatible polymer and metal, may suit medical-surgical applications. In this paper, an investigation is conducted to assess 3D printing technology use as part of a full system, from capturing implant shape data to producing the customized implant. The investigation is supported by experimental studies of medical cases. The first case aimed to produce shatter-related finger distal phalanx implants, whereas the second aimed to design and reconstruct a suitable cranial implant for a patient with a left frontoparietal skull lesion. For these cases, the study has adopted a scenario based on CT scans to generate the required implant shape data; hence using DICOM format. The captured data from the two cases are processed using a developed systematic processing approach to generate the final design of the required customized implants. The designs are then converted into suitable manufacturing codes for 3D printed plastic and metal prototypes enabling the assessment of the technique utilizing the facilities of UrukTech Company in Baghdad, Iraq, and Sohar University in Oman. Results show that the developed approach, from data capture to 3D printed implants, has succeeded in addressing the need for customized implants. For instance, the accuracy of the cranial implant was confirmed dimensionally, aiding in restoring structures, appearance, and psychological stability. The design and manufacturing of custom 3D-printed bone implants represent a significant advancement in medical technology and orthopedics, provided that biocompatible materials are used. Therefore, the technique may be adopted in the near future to serve the medical surgery field. The developed approach in this study encompasses several key ideas, contributions, and significant results, including creating patient-specific bone implants by utilizing medical imaging and 3D printing. Hence, the developed approach enables the creation of complex implant geometries that otherwise would be challenging to manufacture.

Microwave dielectric properties of Zn1-xCuxWO4 (x= 0, 0.03)/Polymer Composites

Lamees S. Faeq; saad B. Farid; Fadhel A. Hashim

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 10 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.143514.1590

Abstract

The rapid growth in wireless telecommunication systems has spurred a strong interest in lightweight, compact, and cost-effective materials. One promising solution for achieving these ... Read More ...

Experimental and optimization study of powder metallurgy process parameters of magnesium base AZ31 alloy using taguchi method

Basma F. Sultan; Muna K. Abbass; Jawdat A. Yagoob; Yang Y. Guo

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 28 January 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142510.1539

Abstract

Powder metallurgy (PM) is a highly effective re-processing method mostly used for magnesium-base alloys, especially in high-performance Mg alloys. In the present work, the experimental ... Read More ...

The influence of micro channel on the performance of low concentrator parabolic collector systems with phase change material

Jenan D. Hamdi; Jalal M. Jalil; Ahmed H. Reja

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 05 February 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.144040.1619

Abstract

Increasing global economic development leads to a continuous increase in energy demand, considering the limited conventional resources of energy as well as the impact on the environment ... Read More ...

Effect of the material properties of the rotor-disc on the performance of eddy current braking systems

Ahmed M. Salman; Jamal A.-K. Mohammed; Farag M. Mohammed

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 16 February 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.144221.1625

Abstract

Failure of traditional brakes occurs due to raised temperatures and the formation of structural fractures caused by wear and strain. For resolving mechanical brake problems, consider ... Read More ...

Performance enhancement of PV panels by a channel shaped heat exchanger with an electromechanical control

Hussein A. Idan; Hatam K. Kadhom; Sahar R. Faraj

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 18 February 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.143283.1575

Abstract

Photovoltaic panels are considered one of the important practical applications in converting solar energy into electrical energy, but they suffer from the effect of heat associated ... Read More ...

Effect of carbonization on the mechanical properties of mild steel utilizing oak charcoal as a carbon source

Omer S. Mahmood

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 29 February 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.144383.1630

Abstract

Carburizing is a process that improves the mechanical properties of low-carbon steel, particularly its surface hardness. Introducing carbon into the steel's surface enhances the creation ... Read More ...

Realization of an all-optical d and t flip flops with nano-structure using hybrid plasmonic waveguides

Saif H. Abdulwahid; Ahmed G. Wadday; Sinan M. Abdul Sattar

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 16 March 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2023.142434.1532

Abstract

Surface waves are electromagnetic waves propagating along the interface between a metal and an insulator. Surface waves break the diffraction limits and enable light to propagate in ... Read More ...

Survey of near-field wireless communication and power transfer for biomedical implants

Hala K. Abduljaleel; Saad Mutashar; Sadik Kamel Gharghan

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 18 March 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.144480.1636

Abstract

Bio-implanted medical devices with electronic components play a crucial role due to their effectiveness in monitoring and diagnosing diseases, enhancing patient comfort, and ensuring ... Read More ...

Modeling and control of a high-quality electro-hydraulic actuator driven via an induction motor under intelligent indirect vector control

Aws F. Hassan; Jamal A.-K. Mohammed; Walaa M. Hashim

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 21 March 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.144140.1622

Abstract

Due to its excellent energy efficiency and broad speed range, the variable-speed electro-hydraulic drive is an appealing driving principle in many contemporary industrial applications. ... Read More ...

Innovative self-healing concrete using polycarboxylate ether: a fused deposition modeling approach with 3D-printed polylactic acid vascular networks

Noor A. Hameed; Alaa A. Abdul-Hamead; Farhad M. Othman

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 26 March 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.145499.1655

Abstract

Concrete's fracture susceptibility is due to its limited tensile strength, which can lead to cracks. Steel reinforcement is added to designated areas to address this issue, but minuscule ... Read More ... Concrete's fracture susceptibility is due to its limited tensile strength, which can lead to cracks. Steel reinforcement is added to designated areas to address this issue, but minuscule cracks can allow liquids and vapors to infiltrate the reinforcing material, causing corrosion. Self-healing concrete can resist corrosion by mending and sealing minor cracks. This study aims to determine if fused deposition modeling (FDM) can fabricate innovative vascular networks and tubes from polylactic acid (PLA) created by using three-dimensional (3D) printing methods, and its characteristics were contrasted with those of two- and one-dimensional (2D) networks.The dimensions of the internal and exterior diameters were 4 and 5.6 mm, respectively. The researchers used a planetary ball mill to apply an organic polycarboxylate ether liquid and fly ash nanopowder to all vascular architectures. The prefabricated tubes were then incorporated into a concrete beam to enable self-repairing capabilities. The water-to-cement ratio was 0.6%; the mixture was 1 part cement, 2.16 parts water, and 2.98 other ingredients. The self-healing properties were assessed using a four-point bending test. The developed pipes can produce self-healing concrete by introducing nano fly ash particles and low-viscosity healing solutions into the blood vessel network, enabling the concrete to undergo self-repair mechanisms. The specimen that had 3D treatment restored its strength to 95% at flexural recovery.The dimensions of the internal and exterior diameters were 4 and 5.6 mm, respectively. The researchers used a planetary ball mill to apply an organic polycarboxylate ether liquid and fly ash nanopowder to all types of vascular architectures. The prefabricated tubes were then incorporated into a concrete beam to enable self-repairing capabilities. The water-to-cement ratio was 0.6%, and the mixture was 1-part cement, 2.16 parts water, and 2.98 parts other ingredients. The self-healing properties were assessed using a four-point bending test. The developed pipes can be used in the production of self-healing concrete by introducing nano fly ash particles into the blood vessel network and low-viscosity healing solutions, enabling the concrete to undergo self-repair mechanisms. the specimen that had 3D treatment restored its strength to a level of 95% at flexural recovery.

ANFIS control of four-quadrant DC/DC chopper for wireless EV charging

Hawraa Q. Hameed; Hosham S. Anead; Khalid F. Sultan

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 27 March 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.146136.1673

Abstract

Wireless charging of electric vehicles (EVs) poses issues like power ripples that reduce battery lifetime. This study proposes a four-quadrant DC/DC chopper controlled by an adaptive ... Read More ...

Experimental analysis and combustion characteristics of briquettes from different wood in nigeria

Oluwaseyi O. Alabi; Timothy A. Adeyi; Sakiru K. Ekun

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 28 March 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.144659.1640

Abstract

The increasing demand for sustainable and renewable energy sources has prompted extensive research into alternative biomass fuels, particularly in regions like Nigeria, where traditional ... Read More ...

Computational insights into the thermal performance enhancement of solar air heater channel through metal foam integration

Kadhim Al-Chlaihawi; Moayed R. Hasan; Ali L. Kaied

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 31 March 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.145706.1660

Abstract

The two-dimensional numerical simulations focused on fluid flow and heat transfer within a solar air heater (SAH) channel incorporating copper metal foam with a porosity of 90% were ... Read More ...

The impact of electronic control systems on improving the performance of the solar heater

Ekram H. Alaskaree; Younus F. Breesam

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 03 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.145174.1652

Abstract

In this study, the effect of an electronic control system (ECS) on the performance of a solar heater fabricated from recycled materials was investigated . The study found that the maximum ... Read More ...

Theoretical and experimental investigation of the effect of heat flux to lift water in a solar bubble pump

Ihab Omar; Ahmed A. M. Saleh; Ahmed N. Alhusseny

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 04 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.145911.1669

Abstract

In remote areas, a scarcity of accessible water poses a significant predicament, and sun-powered propelling contraptions offer promising solutions. It is possible to collect solar energy ... Read More ...

Optimization of mechanical and biocompatible properties of ZnOs-fiber membranes

Dalia M. Jomaa; Abbas Kh. Hussein; Jamal J. Dawood

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 07 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.145042.1650

Abstract

This study uses electro-spinning techniques to create a poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan-zinc oxide nanoparticles (PVA+CS)+ZnO NPs system in three concentrations of ZnO for application ... Read More ... This study uses electro-spinning techniques to create a poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan-zinc oxide nanoparticles (PVA+CS)+ZnO NPs system in three concentrations of ZnO for application as composite nanofibers for wound treatment applications and Employing the Taguchi technique to optimize the mechanical characteristics via a four-level experimental design process (L16). Numerous techniques have been utilized to characterize the nanofibrous scaffolds: contact angle measurement, cytotoxicity testing, proliferation testing, evaluation of antimicrobial activity, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersion X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and a comparative experimental study involving the determination of hardness using the Nanoindentation method for (PVA+CS)+ZnO. The ideal combination for adding ZnO as nanoparticles was found to be (PVA+CS)+0.6 ZnO, with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/hr, an applied voltage of 18 kV, and a needle tip-to-collector distance of 15 cm (position). This resulted in the smallest fiber diameter (48 nm) with a smooth and uniform distribution. As a consequence, (PVA+CS)+ZnO can be regarded as non-toxic in accordance with the criteria. The methyl thiazole tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the cell viability of L929 (cell cultures for skin). It significantly affects cell viability, achieving 50% in less than 24 hours, which means cell growth through 24 hours is necessary for embryonic development, tissue repair, and regulation of cell division in case of wound healing. Exhibiting findings of inhibition zone diameter in antibacterial activity test exceeding 20 mm. According to the results, (PVA+CS)+0.6 ZnO's hydrophilic properties showed a well-connected porous structure and made it easier for nutrients and oxygen to be exchanged, encouraging cellular activity. After evaluating the mechanical characteristics of each specimen, the main determinants of these characteristics are determined using a Taguchi orthogonal array L16 design. The results of this study suggest that (PVA+CS)+0.6 ZnO could be a good biomedical material for skin tissue engineering applications.

3D Printing for wind turbine blade manufacturing: a review of materials, design optimization, and challenges

Ahmed k. Zarzoor; Alaa A. Jaber; Ahmed A. Shandookh

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 12 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.144841.1646

Abstract

Wind energy has become an easy-to-harness source by converting captured wind currents into electrical energy. Powerful and customizable wind turbines are used to convert wind energy ... Read More ...

Effect of tool profile on micro hardness, forming limit, and final thickness in incremental hole flanging process of DC01 steel and AA1050 sheet metals

Hunar M. Tahir M. Ali; Hameed D. Lafta; Ayad F. Shahab

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 14 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.146281.1677

Abstract

The present study delves into the incremental hole flanging process applied to AA1050 and DC01 sheet metals with 0.7 and 1 mm thicknesses. Employing a distinctive lathe-based fixture, ... Read More ...

Enhancing performance of Double-Slope solar stills through optimization of heat addition methods: a comprehensive analysis

Mariam E. Murad; Wissam H. Alawee; Hayder A. Dhahad; Z.M. Omara

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 15 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.145648.1657

Abstract

This comprehensive research paper reviews the latest techniques to enhance the productivity of double-slope solar stills by providing quantitative data on key research outcomes. With ... Read More ... This comprehensive research paper reviews the latest techniques to enhance the productivity of double-slope solar stills by providing quantitative data on key research outcomes. With the global water scarcity crisis and the need for effective desalination technology, this study focuses on solar-based desalination techniques and their specific application in double-slope solar stills. This paper offers a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of heat addition methods in double-slope solar stills by examining published research findings, providing valuable insights for researchers and practitioners. The study reveals significant improvements in productivity through various modifications. Evaporation enhancement, heat transfer enhancement, and condensation enhancement have proven to be highly effective, resulting in substantial increases in water production. The use of thermoelectric modules in double-slope solar stills has shown a remarkable 250% increase in water production by heating the water in the basin, which enhances evaporation rates and condensation on the glass cover. Moreover, the integration of Evacuated Tube Collectors (ETCs) has demonstrated a notable improvement in double-slope solar stills' life cycle conversion efficiency. The system incorporating ETCs achieved an impressive 59.42% higher efficiency than a system without ETCs, primarily due to the enhanced thermal input provided by ETCs to the solar still's basin. Another significant finding is the six-fold increase in water production achieved by implementing the double-slope solar still with a PV heater (CSSPVH) compared to conventional solar stills (CSS). This substantial improvement positions the CSSPVH design as a highly efficient solution for long-term potable water generation. Furthermore, adding a water heater to the base tank of a solar still has been found to raise water temperature quickly, resulting in a significant boost in production by approximately 370%. However, it is important to note that productivity decreases with increasing wind speed. Even with an outer cooling fan to cool the solar still's glass surface, productivity is reduced by 4% and 8% for wind speeds of 7 m/s and 9 m/s, respectively.

Effect of MXene Ti3C2 on the PVDF ultrafiltration membrane properties and performance

Tamara W. Abood; Kadium M. Shabeeb; Aseel B. Alzubaydi; Qusay F Alsalhy; Pei S. Goh; Ahmad F. Ismail; Adel Zrelli

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof, Available Online from 16 April 2024

https://doi.org/10.30684/etj.2024.145778.1663

Abstract

The problem of membrane fouling remains a significant concern in ultrafiltration, a commonly employed method in water treatment due to its high efficacy and minimal energy consumption. ... Read More ...

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